The Diversity of Nasal Behaviour in Banjarese Prefixation: An Optimality Theory based Approach

Muhammad Farris Imadi Fuze, Sharifah Raihan Syed Jaafar

Abstract


The prefixation of /maN-/ in the Banjarese is known to cause the nasal segment to behave differently. However, in previous studies on Banjarese prefixation, these nasal behaviors were not given full attention, as affixation (including prefixation) was merely considered one of the morphological processes of word formation. This paper aims to analyze these nasal behaviors at the prefix-base boundary and the factors that cause them to behave as they do. Data were collected using two methods: interviews and a word list. Three types of nasal behavior were identified as follows: nasal assimilation, nasal substitution, and nasal deletion. Each behavior is governed by specific constraints present in the language. Nasal assimilation results from a constraint that prohibits the clustering of nasal-obstruent segments with different places of articulation, while nasal substitution is employed to address sequences involving a nasal and a voiceless obstruent. On the other hand, nasal deletion occurs due to a constraint that disallows the clustering of sonorant segments at the prefix-base boundary.


Keywords


Banjarese; constraint; nasal assimilation; nasal deletion; nasal substitution

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/gema-2025-2502-01

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