Kajian perubahan guna tanah menerusi aplikasi penderiaan jauh (Land use change detection using remote sensing approach)

Lam Kuok Choy, Nik Nurul Hidayah Mohd Noor

Abstract


Abstrak

 

Perubahan guna tanah dan litupan tanah merupakan salah satu pemacu perubahan alam sekitar global yang sering menjadi perbincangan hangat dan mencerminkan corak pembangunan yang berlaku di sesebuah tempat. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menganalisis perubahan guna tanah kampus Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Bangi dan Bandar Baru Bangi bagi tahun 1990 dan 2016. Pendekatan penderiaan jauh digunakan sebagai aplikasi utama untuk meneliti tahap perubahan guna tanah yang berlaku. Data imej satelit Landsat 5 TM dan Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS telah digunakan dalam kajian ini. Proses klasifikasi berselia diaplikasikan bagi mengelaskan jenis guna tanah di kawasan kajian berdasarkan imej Landsat yang terpilih. Guna tanah telah dibahagikan kepada tujuh kategori iaitu tepu bina, kelapa sawit, hutan, getah, rekreasi, tanah lapang dan badan air. Penilaian ketepatan dilakukan menggunakan pengiraan Koeffisein Kappa bagi menguji kebolehpercayaan data yang telah diklasifikasikan. Nilai Koeffisein Kappa yang diperolehi adalah 70% iaitu kebolehpercayaan data adalah tinggi. Hasil kajian mendapati guna tanah yang mengalami peningkatan tertinggi adalah guna tanah tepu bina (2130.84 hektar), diikuti oleh guna tanah hutan (469.44 hektar). Masing-masing mencapai peningkatan sebanyak 32.92% dan 7.25%. Manakala guna tanah yang mengalami penurunan tertinggi adalah kelapa sawit (1385.01 hektar) dan diikuti guna tanah badan air (124.38 hektar). Masing-masing merosot sebanyak 21.40% dan 1.92%. Majoriti kawasan tanaman getah dan kelapa sawit telah bertukar kepada guna tanah tepu bina. Kajian mendapati pendekatan penderiaan jauh sesuai diaplikasi dalam kajian perubahan guna tanah.

 

Kata kunci: Bandar Baru Bangi, GIS, Landsat, penderiaan jauh, perubahan guna tanah, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

 

Abstract

 

Land use and land cover changes is one of the driving factor of global environmental change which is hotly debated and reflect the changes in development that occurs at a location. This study was conducted to analyze the changes in land use of UKM Bangi campus and Bandar Baru Bangi for 1990 and 2016. The remote sensing and GIS application were used to examine the land use changes. Data used in this study consist of two Landsat satellite imagery, which were taken from Landsat 5 TM (1990), and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS (2016). Based on selected Landsat images the supervised classification process was applied to classify the land use types of the study area. Land uses have been divided into seven categories; built-up area, palm oil, forest, rubber, recreational, cleared land and water bodies. Accuracy assessment was carried out by using Kappa Koefficient calculation to test the reliability of the thematic maps. The Kappa Koefficient value of 70% was achieved and it indicates high reliability. The result of the study found that built-up area increased the most (2130.84 ha), followed by the forest (469.44 ha). Both land use increased by 32.92% and 7.25% respectively. Whereas oil palm land use decreased the most (1385.01 ha), followed by water bodies (124.38 ha) where both declined 21.40% dan 1.92% respectively. The majority of palm oil and rubber plantations were converted to built-up land use. The study shows that remote sensing approach is suitable for the study of land use and land cover changes.

 

Keywords: Bandar Baru Bangi, GIS, Landsat, remote sensing, Land use and land cover change, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

 

https://doi.org/10.17576/geo-2018-1402-09

 


Keywords


: Perubahan guna tanah/litupan bumi, penderiaan jauh, Landsat, UKM, Bandar Baru Bangi

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References


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