Konsep keupayaan penyerapan akademia dan inovasi sosial dalam konteks pembangunan bandar berasaskan pengetahuan (The concept of academic absorptive capacity and social innovation in the context of knowledge-based urban development)
Abstract
Abstrak
Inovasi adalah penting dalam meningkatkan daya saing negara dan menyumbang kepada pembangunan bandar berasaskan pengetahuan. Pembangunan inovasi yang hanya menumpukan pada perspektif ekonomi mendorong kepada ketidakseimbangan pembangunan apabila wujud jurang pertumbuhan ekonomi dan pembangunan sosial masyarakat. Kemunculan inovasi sosial merupakan pelengkap kepada inovasi perusahaan yang hanya fokus kepada keuntungan. Aspek inovasi sosial mula ditekankan dalam pembangunan di Malaysia agar masalah serta keperluan sosial masyarakat dipenuhi. Secara umumnya, pembangunan inovasi sosial melibatkan aktor dan struktur. Artikel ini memfokuskan kepada aktor inovasi sosial yang tertumpu kepada individu, iaitu akademia. Teori keupayaan penyerapan digunakan untuk mengukur keupayaan akademia dalam menjana pembentukan inovasi sosial. Justeru, artikel ini menghuraikan konsep keupayaan penyerapan dan inovasi sosial dalam konteks pembangunan bandar berasaskan pengetahuan. Kajian literatur berkenaan keupayaan penyerapan dan perkembangan inovasi sosial merangkumi keupayaan pengetahuan, pembelajaran, pembangunan, kesosialan dan jalinan turut dibincangkan. Berdasarkan dapatan literatur peranan inovasi sosial dalam penyelidikan akademia menyumbang kepada penghasilan inovasi bernilai tinggi dalam konteks ekonomi, sosial dan teknologi. Oleh itu, inovasi sosial memainkan peranan penting dalam mencapai keamanan sosial yang menyumbang kepada peningkatan kelestarian masyarakat dan daya saing negara bagi memenuhi matlamat pembangunan negara.
Kata kunci: inovasi, inovasi sosial, keupayaan penyerapan, pembangunan bandar, pengetahuan, pengetahuan akademia
Abstract
Innovation is important in improving the country's competitiveness and contributing to knowledge-based urban development. The development of innovation that focuses only on economic perspectives drives developmental imbalances when there is a gap of economic growth and social development of society. The emergence of social innovation is a complement to the company's innovation that focuses only on profit. The social aspect of social innovation has been emphasized in the development of Malaysia for social problems and social needs. In general, the development of social innovation involves actors and structures. This article focuses on social innovation actors focusing on academics individually. The absorptive capacity theory is used to measure the academic ability to generate social innovation. Thus, this article describes the concept of social absorption and innovation in the context of knowledge-based urban development. The literature review of absorptive capacity and development of social innovation encompasses knowledge, learning, development, social and social capabilities are also discussed. Based on the findings, role of the social innovation in academic research contributes to generate high impact innovation in the context of economic, social and technological. Thus, social innovation plays an important role in achieving social security that contributes to the improvement of society's sustainability and the competitiveness of the nation to meet the nation's development goals.
Keywords: innovation, social innovation, absorptive capacity, urban development, knowledge, knowledge academia
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