Perubahan guna tanah paya bakau di Malaysia: Satu ulasan sistematik (Land use changes of mangrove swamp in Malaysia: A systematic review)

Nurul Najwa Rosli, Nuriah Abd Majid, Siti Norsakinah Selamat

Abstract


Paya bakau merupakan sebuah sumber ekologi yang berharga. Ekosistem paya bakau memainkan peranan penting dalam membekalkan sumber kayu, habitat untuk pelbagai spesies, tapak pengumpulan mendapan, karbon dan nutrien, memberi perlindungan dari hakisan, bertindak sebagai zon penampan, menstabilkan garis pantai dan tebing sungai. Hal ini telah mengakibatkan pelbagai peringkat pengubahsuaian dalam guna tanah paya bakau untuk memenuhi keperluan manusia. Pelbagai penyelidikan dan artikel telah dijalankan di seluruh dunia mengenai perubahan penggunaan tanah hutan paya bakau tropika dengan penggunaan teknologi penderiaan jauh dan Sistem Maklumat Geografi (GIS). Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk meneliti keberkesanan teknologi penderiaan jauh dan GIS dalam penentuan perubahan guna tanah di kawasan paya bakau. Kajian ini merumuskan hasil kajian paya bakau dengan menggunakan GIS secara spesifikasinya dalam negara Malaysia dari tahun 2001 sehingga 2021. Ulasan yang sistematik adalah kaedah analisis hasil proses dan sumber dari Google Scholar (n=125), Scopus (n=10), Web of Science (WoS) (n=9). Penemuan menunjukkan satelit penderiaan jauh dan GIS merupakan aplikasi yang telah digunakan secara meluas dalam kajian hutan paya bakau dalam beberapa tahun kebelakangan dan menyumbang kepada kajian pemantauan perubahan guna tanah di kawasan hutan paya bakau. Penemuan juga mendedahkan parameter untuk guna tanah dan indeks vegetasi yang telah digunakan dalam isu semasa perubahan guna tanah paya bakau di kawasan tropika. Kajian ini turut menyokong Matlamat Pembangunan Mampan (SDG) yang ke 14 yang berfokus kepada pemuliharaan dan perlindungan terhadap lautan dan pantai secara mampan dan mengiktiraf nilai bakau dalam kalangan masyarakat.

 

Kata Kunci: GIS, guna tanah, Malaysia, paya bakau, penderiaan jauh

 

Mangrove is a valuable ecological resource. Mangrove ecosystems play an important role in providing wood resources, habitat for various species, accumulation sites for sediments, carbon, and nutrient, providing protection from erosion, acting as a buffer zone, and stabilizing coastlines and riverbanks. This has resulted in various levels of modification in mangrove land use to meet human needs. Various research and articles have been conducted around the world on the land use changes in tropical mangrove swamps with the use of remote sensing technology and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The objective of this study is to review the effectiveness of remote sensing technology and GIS in determining land use change in mangrove forest areas in Malasyia. This study summarizes the mangrove study results by using GIS according to its specifications in Malaysia from year 2001 to 2021. The systematic review is a method that analyzes the results of the process and sources from Google Scholar (n=125), Scopus (n=10), and Web of Science (WoS) (n=9). The findings show that remote sensing and GIS applications have been widely used in the study of mangrove forests in recent years and contribute to the monitoring of land use changes in the mangrove forest area. The findings also reveal parameters for land use and vegetation indices that have been used in the current issue of mangrove land use change in tropical areas. This study also supports the 14th Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) which focuses on the conservation and protection of oceans and coastal areas in a sustainable manner and recognizes the value of mangroves in the community.

 

Keywords: GIS, land use, Malaysia, mangrove, remote sensing


Keywords


GIS, guna tanah, Malaysia, paya bakau, penderiaan jauh (GIS, land use, Malaysia, mangrove, remote sensing)

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