Heritage Through the Eyes of Tourists: Comparison of Kota Tua Jakarta and Medan Pasar Kuala Lumpur (Warisan Melalui Perspektif Pelancong: Perbandingan antara Kota Tua Jakarta dan Medan Pasar, Kuala Lumpur)

Syakir Amir Ab Rahman, Lukman Hakim Mahamod, Syahriah Bachok, Nor Nadiah Najib, Maimunah Abdul Aziz, Umar Mansyur

Abstract


ABSTRACT


Heritage tourism sites significantly influence visitor experiences in historic urban settings. Although physical conservation and destination planning have been extensively examined in prior studies, there is a paucity of research about tourists’ perceptions of the appeal of heritage districts as conveyed through internet user-generated material. This study seeks to analyze tourist perceived appeal at two significant Southeast Asian heritage tourism locations: Kota Tua Jakarta in Indonesia and Medan Pasar Kuala Lumpur in Malaysia, utilizing visitor opinions sourced from Google reviews. Thirty perception-based criteria were assessed through a thematic clustering methodology to determine the predominant experiential factors affecting visitor happiness. The results demonstrate that tourists’ perceptions of Kota Tua Jakarta are closely linked to heritage ambiance, museum attractions, local cultural exposure, and visual aesthetics, while Medan Pasar Kuala Lumpur is predominantly viewed in terms of accessibility, public transport connectivity, urban comfort, and shopping opportunities. The data indicates that although both sites attained comparable overall satisfaction ratings, tourists were attracted by distinct experiential factors: cultural immersion in Kota Tua and convenience-oriented usability in Medan Pasar. The study emphasizes the significance of integrating tourist perceptions obtained from internet reviews as a supplementary assessment method for comprehending destination appeal in heritage tourism settings.


Keywords: Tourist Behaviour; Tourist Perception; Google Reviews Heritage Tourism; Tourist


ABSTRAK


Tapak pelancongan warisan memainkan peranan penting dalam mempengaruhi pengalaman pelawat dalam persekitaran bandar bersejarah. Walaupun pemuliharaan fizikal dan perancangan destinasi telah dikaji secara meluas dalam penyelidikan terdahulu, terdapat kekurangan kajian yang meneliti persepsi pelancong terhadap daya tarikan kawasan warisan sebagaimana yang disampaikan melalui kandungan janaan pengguna dalam talian. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis daya tarikan yang dirasai oleh pelancong di dua lokasi pelancongan warisan utama di Asia Tenggara, iaitu Kota Tua Jakarta di Indonesia dan Medan Pasar Kuala Lumpur di Malaysia, dengan menggunakan ulasan pelawat yang diperoleh daripada Google Reviews. Sebanyak tiga puluh kriteria berasaskan persepsi telah dinilai melalui pendekatan pengelompokan tematik bagi mengenal pasti faktor pengalaman dominan yang mempengaruhi kepuasan pelawat. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa persepsi pelancong terhadap Kota Tua Jakarta berkait rapat dengan suasana warisan, tarikan muzium, pendedahan kepada budaya tempatan, serta estetika visual, manakala Medan Pasar Kuala Lumpur lebih banyak dinilai dari aspek kebolehcapaian, keterhubungan pengangkutan awam, keselesaan bandar, dan peluang membeli-belah. Dapatan kajian juga menunjukkan bahawa walaupun kedua-dua lokasi mencapai tahap kepuasan keseluruhan yang hampir sama, pelancong tertarik oleh dimensi pengalaman yang berbeza, iaitu penghayatan budaya di Kota Tua dan kemudahan penggunaan berasaskan keselesaan di Medan Pasar. Kajian ini menekankan kepentingan mengintegrasikan persepsi pelancong yang diperoleh daripada ulasan dalam talian sebagai kaedah penilaian tambahan dalam memahami daya tarikan destinasi dalam konteks pelancongan warisan.

Kata Kunci: Tingkah Laku Pelancong; Persepsi Pelancong; Ulasan Google; Pelancongan Warisan; Pelancong


Keywords


Keywords: Tourist Behaviour; Tourist Perception; Google Reviews Heritage Tourism; Tourist

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ab Rahman, S.A., Abdullah, A., Mohmad Zakir, M.I., Abu

Bakar, A. & Abdul Majid, N.H. 2025. An investigation of

tourist satisfaction in Malaysia cultural museum: indoor

space experience. Planning Malaysia 23(1): 303-318.

Ab Rahman, S.A., Bachok, S. & Mahamod, L.H. 2023. Effects

of travel characteristics on tourism expenditure: a case study

of Malaysia young outbound tourists. Planning Malaysia

(1): 193-202.

Ab Rahman, S.A., Mohmad Zakir, M.I., Abdullah, A., Abdul

Razak, R., Abdul Majid, N.H., Harun N. & Abu Bakar, A.

An investigation of tourists satisfaction in Malaysia

cultural museum: entrance space experience. Quantum

Journal of Social Science 5(2): 59-69.

Amelung, B., Nicholls, S. & Viner, D. 2007. Implications of

global climate change for tourism flows and seasonality.

Journal of Travel Research 45(3): 285-296

Amir, S., Azizan, A., Zahari, R.K. & Asmawi, M.Z., 2020.

Urban public space as social interaction space: case study

in Petaling Street. Tourism, Hospitality and Environment

Management 5(19): 90-101.

Amir, S., Mohamed Osman, M., Bachok, S. & Ibrahim, M.

Understanding of tourists’ preferences pattern: A

study in Melaka, Malaysia, Planning Malaysia 3: 81-94.

Amir, S., Mohamed Osman, M., Bachok, S., Ibrahim, M. &

Mohamed, M.Z. 2017. Tourism stakeholders perception

on tourists’ expenditure in entertainment sector in Melaka

UNESCO World Heritage Area. Advanced Science Letters

(7): 6336-6338.

Ballesteros, E. R. & Ramírez, M. H. 2007. Identity and

community - reflections on the development of mining

heritage tourism in Southern Spain. Tourism Management

(3): 677-687

Chin, C., Swatman, P. & Swatman, P. 2005. The virtual

shopping experience: using virtual presence to motivate

online shopping. Australasian Journal of Information

Systems 13(1): 239-253.

Csurg´o, B. & Smith, M. K. 2022. Cultural heritage, sense of

place and tourism: an analysis of cultural ecosystem services

in rural Hungary. Sustainability 14(12): 1-24.

Del Barrio, M. J., Devesa, M. & Herrero, L. C. 2012. Evaluating

intangible cultural heritage: the case of cultural festivals.

City, Culture and Society 3(4): 235-244.

Esu, B. B. & Arrey, V. M.-E. 2009. Tourists’ satisfaction with

cultural tourism festival: a case study of calabar carnival

festival, Nigeria. International Journal of Business and

Management 4(3): 116-125

Fenton, J. 2005. Space, chance, time: walking backwards

through the hours on the left and right banks of Paris.

Cultural Geographies 12(4): 412-428

George, W. E. 2010. Intangible cultural heritage, ownership,

copyright, and tourism. International Journal of Culture,

Tourism and Hospitality Research 40(4): 376-388

Hughes, H. & Allen, D. 2005. Cultural tourism in Central and

Eastern Europe: the views of induced image formation

agents. Tourism Management 26(2): 173–183

Khalid, M.A., Ab Rahman, S.A. & Bachok, S. 2023. Domestic

tourists’ behaviour on islamic tourism In Kota Bharu

Malaysia. Asian People Journal 6(1): 156-166.

Kim, Y. G. & Eves, A. 2012. Construction and validation of a

scale to measure tourist motivation to consume local food.

Tourism Management 33(6): 1458-1467

Li, Y. & Hunter, C. 2015. Community involvement for

sustainable heritage tourism: a conceptual model. Journal

of Cultural Heritage Management and Sustainable

Development 5(3): 248-262

Maklan, S. & Klaus, P. 2011. Customer experience. Are we

measuring the right things? International Journal of Market

Research 53(6): 771-792

Mehmetoglu, M. & Engen, M. 2011. Pine and Gilmore’s

Concept of Experience Economy and Its Dimensions: an

Empirical Examination in Tourism. Journal of Quality

Assurance in Hospitality and Tourism 12(4): 237-255.

Pahrudin, P., Chen, C. T. & Liu, L. W. 2021. A modified theory

of planned behavioral: a case of tourist intention to visit a

destination post pandemic Covid-19 in Indonesia. Heliyon

(10).

Shang, W., Qiao, G. & Chen, N. 2019. Tourist experience of

slow tourism: from authenticity to place attachment – A

mixed-method study based on the case of slow city in China.

Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research 25(2): 170-188

Trinh, T. T. & Ryan, C. 2015. Current issues in tourism heritage

and cultural tourism: the role of the aesthetic when visiting

my son and cham museum, Vietnam. Current Issues in

Tourism 1: 1-28

Wilson, E. & Harris, C. 2006. Meaningful travel: women,

independent travel and the search for self and meaning.

Tourism. An International Interdisciplinary Journal 54(2):

-172.

Wood, E. H. & Kinnunen, M. 2020. Emotion, memory and recollective

value: shared festival experiences. International

Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 32(3):

-1298.

Yu, X., Kim, N., Chen, C. C. & Schwartz, Z. 2012. Are you

a tourist? Tourism definition from the tourist perspective.

Tourism Analysis 17(4): 445-457.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


        

 


ISSN 2289-1706 | e-ISSN : 2289-4268 

Institut Alam dan Tamadun Melayu (ATMA)
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan
MALAYSIA

© Copyright UKM Press, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia