Laterit sebagai Bahan Binaan di Tapak Arkeologi: Kajian Perbandingan di Lembah Bujang (Malaysia) dan Batujaya (Indonesia) (Laterite as a Material for Construction Based on Discoveries at Archaeological Sites: A Comparison between the Bujang Valley (Malaysia) and Batujaya (Indonesia))

MELJEV SINGH SIDHU

Abstract


ABSTRAK: Kajian ini membahas tentang penggunaan laterit sebagai bahan binaan di Lembah Bujang dan membuat perbandingan dengan sebuah lagi tapak perdagangan serantau iaitu Batujaya di Indonesia untuk menentukan sama ada wujudnya keseragaman dalam penggunaan bahan tersebut di lokasi berkenaan ataupun tidak. Penggunaan batu laterit dalam pembinaan di kebanyakan tapak di Lembah Bujang boleh dipertarikhkan dari kurun keempat Masihi sehingga kurun ke-14 Masihi, iaitu hampir sepanjang tempoh Lembah Bujang aktif sebagai tempat berdagang. Penggunaan laterit di Batujaya berjaya dikesan namun bangunan yang mengandungi laterit tidak pernah dipertarikhan dan ini menyukarkan perbandingan dibuat. Namun demikian, jika diambil kira bahawa Batujaya hanya aktif untuk tempoh yang singkat sahaja iaitu dari kurun kelima hingga ke-10, boleh dikatakan bahawa penggunaan batu laterit di Lembah Bujang adalah lebih awal daripada penggunaan laterit di Batujaya. Jikalau diambil kira jarak antara Lembah Bujang dan Batujaya, maka tidak boleh ditentukan dengan tepat sama ada terdapat hubungan antara teknologi pembinaan di kedua-dua lokasi berkenaan ataupun tidak.

Kata kunci: Lembah Bujang; Batujaya; laterit; bahan binaan; tapak

 

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this article is to discuss the use of laterite in construction in the Bujang Valley and to compare it to another trade-based settlement in Indonesia, Batujaya, in order to determine whether there were similarities in the use of this material. According to available evidence, laterite was used as a construction material in the Bujang Valley between the fourth and 14th centuries, nearly as long as the area was a trading settlement. At Batujaya, the use of laterite has been confirmed, although the structures constructed with this material have not been dated, making comparisons difficult. Nonetheless, given Batujaya’s brief existence, from the fifth to the 10th centuries, it is possible to confirm that the use of laterite in the Bujang Valley predates Batujaya. Given the considerable distance between the settlements in the Bujang Valley and Batujaya, it is impossible to confirm that the construction technologies of the two areas were related.

Keywords: Bujang Valley; Batujaya; laterite; construction material; site


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