Kata-Kata Etnik sebagai Identiti Penutur Dialek Melayu Sabah (Ethnic Words as the Identity of Sabah Malay Dialect Speakers)
Abstract
ABSTRAK: Facebook merupakan suatu medium media yang menyediakan ruang untuk penggunanya berkomunikasi dalam pelbagai bahasa. Situasi itu dibantu oleh kepelbagaian kaum di Malaysia yang turut menjadi penggunanya dan mereka menggunakan pelbagai ragam bahasa sama ada yang bersifat formal atau sebaliknya. Salah satu laman dalam Facebook yang mendapat perhatian pengguna di Sabah adalah laman Facebook Cerita Seram Urang Kita Sabahan (CSUKS). Dengan pengikut seramai 381,453 orang, maka laman ini menyediakan ruang untuk dialek Melayu Sabah (DMS) berkembang dalam konteks pengguna dan penutur DMS. Dengan menggunakan kaedah deskriptif kualitatif, maka makalah ini diusahakan untuk melihat kata-kata etnik yang dipilih oleh penutur DMS semasa berkomunikasi melalui laman berkenaan. Kata-kata etnik itu juga menyembunyikan elemen nilai rasa dan emosi budaya Sabah yang hanya difahami baik oleh penutur DMS. Selain itu, turut difokuskan juga fungsi-fungsi komunikatif yang didukung oleh kata-kata-etnik berkenaan. Hasil analisis 16 cerita dalam laman berkenaan, terdapat 20 kata-kata etnik yang mengandungi elemen budaya serta mampu mencerminkan identiti penutur DMS. Laman berkenaan juga berupaya menjadi satu platform untuk menyebar dan mengembangkan kata-kata etnik yang digunakan oleh penutur-penutur DMS. Memandangkan ruangan laman Facebook CSUKS itu dimiliki sepenuhnya oleh penutur DMS, maka ia menjadi ruangan untuk memperkenalkan fungsi komunikasi penutur bahasa-bahasa etnik yang terdapat di Sabah.
Kata kunci: Dialek Melayu Sabah; kata-kata; identiti penutur; fungsi komunikatif; proses interaksi; Facebook
ABSTRACT: Facebook is a platform that allows people to communicate in different languages. It is fuelled by the range of people who use Facebook in Malaysia, who speak a variety of languages, both formal and informal. The Cerita Seram Urang Kita Sabahan (CSUKS) page on Facebook is one of the most popular among Sabah Facebook users. The page, which has 381,453 followers, has created a space for the Sabah Malay dialect (SMD) to grow in the context of its speakers. This article uses qualitative description approaches to investigate the ethnic vocabulary used by SMD users when conversing on the page. The ethnic lexicon also includes parts of Sabah’s cultural norms of politeness and emotion, which SMD speakers are familiar with. It also focuses on communicative functions that are supported by the ethnic group’s language. There are 20 ethnic vocabulary items that incorporate cultural characteristics and express the identity of SMD speakers, according to the analysis of the 16 stories on the page. The study concludes that the page also acts as a place for SMD users to share their ethnic vocabulary with other Malaysian Facebook users. Because the CSUKS Facebook page is entirely owned by SMD users, it can be used to introduce ethnic language communicative functions in Sabah.
Keywords: Sabah Malay dialect; vocabulary; speaker identity; communicative functions; interaction process; Facebook
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