Pembelajaran Bahasa Melayu sebagai Bahasa Kedua dalam Kalangan Pelajar Sekolah Tamil (Learning of Malay Language as a Second Language among Students of a Tamil School)
Abstract
ABSTRAK: Sikap murid-murid dalam pembelajaran bahasa kedua didapati mempengaruhi proses pembelajaran bahasa tersebut. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk meninjau sikap murid-murid terhadap ‘Pembelajaran Bahasa Kedua’ iaitu, Pembelajaran Bahasa Melayu (BM) sebagai Bahasa Kedua (B2) di Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil Bukit Mertajam (SJKT BM), Bukit Mertajam, Pulau Pinang. Kajian ini akan merangkumi sikap murid terhadap pembelajaran bahasa kedua iaitu ‘Bahasa Melayu’. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengenal pasti tahap pencapaian BM murid-murid SJKT BM dalam peperiksaan Ujian Pencapaian Sekolah Rendah (UPSR) 2013; meninjau sikap murid-murid terhadap pembelajaran BM Bahasa Kedua di SJKT BM dari aspek kognitif, afektif dan konatif; serta mengenal pasti dan membincangkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi sikap positif dan negatif murid-murid terhadap pembelajaran BM sebagai B2. Kajian ini adalah kajian kuantitatif secara ringkas dan kualitatif yang melibatkan seramai 87 orang murid SJKT BM, Pulau Pinang yang telah menduduki UPSR pada tahun 2013. Data kajian adalah berdasarkan kepada keputusan UPSR bagi mata pelajaran BM sahaja. Dari segi kognitif, didapati bahawa kesemua murid menyatakan kepentingan dan kesedaran BM. Terdapat juga murid-murid yang gagal dalam pembelajaran bahasa kedua ini, walaupun mereka memberi keutamaan kepada bahasa tersebut. Hal ini bergantung kepada tahap pembelajaran dan pengalaman lampau mereka. Manakala, dari aspek afektif pula semua pelajar menunjukkan sikap yang positif terhadap pembelajaran bahasa kedua ini. Hanya murid-murid yang lemah dan belajar di kelas terakhir sahaja, rasa kurang selesa dengan pembahagian kelas secara kaedah ‘streaming’ berdasarkan keputusan ‘Ujian Diagnosis’(UG) yang diadakan pada awal tahun. Di samping itu, murid-murid turut menonjolkan kesungguhan dalam pembelajaran bahasa kedua dari aspek konatif. Malah, mereka memperlihatkan keinginan mereka untuk terus mengukuhkan pembelajaran bahasa kedua di sekolah menengah nanti. Kajian ini merumuskan supaya kaedah pembelajaran bahasa kedua, iaitu BM yang dipraktikkan perlu disesuaikan dengan latar belakang murid-murid sekolah rendah, terutamanya Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan Tamil (SJKT) di seluruh Malaysia. Langkah ini pasti akan menjanjikan tahap prestasi yang tinggi dalam pembelajaran bahasa kedua kelak di SJKT.
Kata kunci: Pembelajaran bahasa kedua; sikap; kognitif; afektif, konatif
ABSTRACT: Students’ attitude in learning a second language is found to have effects on the learning of the language. This research is done in order to investigate the attitude of students towards ‘Learning of the Second Language’ that is the learning of Malay Language as the second language in Bukit Mertajam Tamil Vernacular Primary School (SJKT BM), Bukit Mertajam Pulau Pinang. This research is going to encompass the attitude towards the learning of second language and the attitude towards a specific language that is Malay Language. The objective of this research is to identify the level of achievement of SJKT BM pupils Malay Language in the Ujian Pencapaian Sekolah Rendah (UPSR) 2013 examination; to examine the students’ attitude from the cognitive, affective and conative aspects; and finally to identify and discuss the factors that influence the positive and negative attitudes towards pupils learning on Malay Language as Second Language. This is a simple quantitative research and qualitative that involved 87 students of Bukit Mertajam Tamil Vernacular Primary School who sat for Primary School Achievement Test in 2013. The research data is based on the UPSR results for Malay Language subject only. From the cognitive aspect, it is found that all students realise the importance of Malay Language. There were students who failed in the learning of this second language although they did give importance to the language. This matter depends on the level of learning and their previous experience. Meanwhile the affective aspect, students showed positive attitude towards the learning of the second language. Only students who are weak and in the last class felt uncomfortable with the division of classes that was based on the streaming method based on the Diagnostics Test done in the early part of the year. Besides that factor, students also showed tremendous effort in learning the second language from the conative aspect. They also showed their interest in strengthening their second language learning in the secondary school later. This study conclude that the second language learning that is Malay Language must be practised and adjusted to the background of the primary school students. This step will ensure primary schools especially Tamil Vernacular Primary School (SJK (T)) in the whole of Malaysia. This step will ensure the high performance level in the learning of second language in SJK (T).
Keywords: Second language learning; attitude; cognitive; affective; conative
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