Perlindungan Alam Sekitar Terhadap Aspek Kecuaian di Bawah Undang-Undang Tort Melalui Mediasi ke Arah Pembangunan Mampan di Malaysia (Environmental Protection Based on the Law of Tort Focusing on Negligence Through Mediation Towards Sustainable Development in Malaysia)
Abstract
ABSTRAK: Undang-undang tort merupakan salah satu undang-undang persendirian yang memainkan peranan penting dalam perlindungan alam sekitar bagi mencapai pembangunan mampan. Undang-undang tort ini boleh dibahagi kepada beberapa bahagian termasuklah kecuaian, kacauganggu, pencerobohan dan tanggungan keras. Sehubungan dengan itu, kertas ini mengkaji undang-undang tort tumpuan kepada aspek kecuaian di dalam hal yang berkaitan dengan perlindungan alam sekitar ke arah pembangunan mampan. Kertas ini turut mengenal pasti kes dan tindakan yang berkaitan dengan perlindungan alam sekitar ke arah pembangunan mampan menerusi undang-undang tort tumpuan kepada aspek kecuaian di Malaysia. Akhir sekali, kertas ini juga membincangkan mengenai undang-undang yang tersebut di atas sebagai instrumen untuk perlindungan alam sekitar ke arah pembangunan mampan bukan hanya melalui proses tuntutan penyelesaian pertikaian di mahkamah sahaja tetapi di luar mahkamah seperti mediasi. Proses tuntutan penyelesaian pertikaian melalui mediasi agak luwes berbanding proses di mahkamah. Mediasi memberi penekanan kepada aspek komunikasi dan rundingan dalam mencari jalan penyelesaian pertikaian yang kompleks, yang mana, perkara ini adalah selaras dengan pembangunan mampan.
Kata kunci: Perlindungan alam sekitar; undang-undang tort; mediasi; pembangunan mampan
ABSTRACT: The law of tort is one of the private law that plays an important role in environmental protection towards achieving sustainable development. The law of tort can be divided into several parts which include negligence, nuisance, trespass and strict liability. Therefore, this paper examines the law of tort focusing on aspect of negligence on the matter of environmental protection towards sustainable development. This paper also, identifies cases and actions on the matter of environmental protection towards sustainable development through the law of tort focusing on aspect of negligence in Malaysia. Finally, this paper also discusses on the above mentioned law as an instrument for the environmental protection towards sustainable development, which is not based solely on the court dispute settlement process, but can also be taken in other dispute settlement process such as mediation. Mediation is more flexible compared to the court dispute settlement process. Mediation is also highlighted on good communication as well as negotiation in order to reach an agreement between parties in complex dispute, which, in line with sustainable development.
Key words: Environmental protection; the law of tort; mediation; sustainable development
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