Penglibatan Kesatuan Melayu Singapura dalam Politik dan Pilihan Raya di Singapura, 1926-1959 (The Involvement of the Singapore Malay Union in Politics and Elections in Singapore, 1926-1959)

Muhammad Naim Fakhirin

Abstract


ABSTRAK: Kajian ini membincangkan perkembangan nasionalisme di Singapura pada awal 1920-an dengan memberi tumpuan terhadap persatuan yang berpengaruh iaitu Kesatuan Melayu Singapura (KMS). Berdasarkan kepada kajian yang dilakukan, KMS merupakan persatuan masyarakat Melayu pertama di Singapura dan menjadi signifikasi penting terhadap perkembangan nasionalisme di negara itu. Dalam tempoh 1930-an hingga 1940-an, KMS memain peranan dalam usaha menyedarkan masyarakat Melayu untuk terlibat dalam politik dan ekonomi di Singapura. Manakala pada 1950-an, KMS mula terlibat secara langsung dalam politik Singapura apabila menyertai pilihan raya yang diadakan. Kajian ini ditulis dengan menggunakan sumber primer dari National Archive, Kew dan National Archive Singapore sebagai sumber utama penulisan. Selain itu, penulisan turut menggunakan akhbar The Straits Times, Berita Harian dan Utusan Melayu yang diterbitkan dalam tempoh tersebut bagi mendapatkan kesinambungan dengan dokumen sumber primer itu. Dapatan kajian ini membincangkan penglibatan KMS dalam politik Singapura berdasarkan pencapaian parti itu dalam dua pilihan raya yang disertai iaitu Pilihan Raya Umum 1955 dan Pilihan Raya Umum 1959. Selain itu, dapatan kajian turut membincangkan faktor kegagalan KMS dalam arena politik di Singapura melibatkan dua perkara utama iaitu kegagalan bersaing dengan UMNO dan PAP serta isu yang diperjuangkan tidak relevan dengan situasi semasa. 

Kata kunci: Nasionalisme; Politik Melayu; Singapura; Persatuan; Demokrasi

 

ABSTRACT:This study discusses the development of nationalism in Singapore in the early 1920s by focusing on the influential association, the Kesatuan Melayu Singapura (KMS). Based on the study conducted, KMS was the first Malay community association in Singapore and became an important signifier of the development of nationalism in the country. During the 1930s to 1940s, KMS played a role in efforts to awaken the Malay community to be involved in politics and the economy in Singapore. Meanwhile, in the 1950s, KMS began to be directly involved in Singapore politics when it participated in the elections held. This study was written using primary sources from the National Archive, Kew and National Archive Singapore as the main sources of writing. In addition, the writing also used The Straits Times, Berita Harian and Utusan Melayu newspapers published during that period to obtain continuity with the primary source documents. The findings of this study discuss the involvement of KMS in Singapore politics based on the party’s achievements in the two elections
it participated in, namely the 1955 General Election and the 1959 General Election. In addition, the findings of the study also discuss the factors behind the failure of KMS in the political arena in Singapore involving two main things,
namely the failure to compete with UMNO and PAP and the issues it fought for being irrelevant to the current situation.


Keywords: Nasionalism; Malays Politic; Singapore; Union; Democracy

 


Keywords


Kata kunci: Nasionalisme; Politik Melayu; Singapura; Persatuan; Demokrasi

Full Text:

PDF

References


Ahamad Jama’ Amin Yang, Mohd Samsudin & Izuan Razali.

Pemaknaan Kuasa dalam Kepimpinan Politik Melayu

di Malaysia: Suatu Interpretasi Sejarah, International

Journal of the Malay World and Civilisation 4(3): 65-78.

Ali, Muhamad. 2015. Islam and Colonialism: Becoming

Modern in Indonesia and Malaysia. Edinburgh: Edinburgh

University Press.

Berita Harian, 30 Mei 1959.

CO 1030/227. 1955. Singapore Legislative Council elections.

CO 1030/81. 1956. Singapore: Constitutional Development.

CO 1071/328. 1946. Singapore: Annual Colonial Reports.

CO 537/3748. 1948. Malaya: Political developments;

Indonesian influence in the Malay Peninsula.

CO 537/4777. 1948. Anti-British propaganda among Malayan

pilgrims in the Hejaz.

CO 953/10/8. 1951. Social and economic conditions in

Singapore: newspaper reports.

FCO 141/14651. 1953. Singapore: Political Trends in Singapore.

FCO 141/15107. 1959. Singapore: Malay education Reports

and Policy.

FCO 141/15628. 1949. Singapore political reports.

FCO 141/15632. 1951. Singapore political reports.

FCO 141/16667. 1926. Singapore: political development of

Malaya.

FCO 141/16764. 1926. Singapore: political reorganisation of

Malaya; miscellaneous papers.

FCO 24/920.1970. Suppression of Malay language newspapers

in Singapore.

Ishak Saat & Khairi Ariffin. 2022. Kebangkitan Islam di

Malaysia Sebelum Kemerdekaan, International Journal of

the Malay World and Civilisation 10(1): 11-18.

Keng, C.B. 2002. Malaysia: The Making of a Nation. Singapore:

ISEAS Publishing.

Koh, S.Y. 2017. Race, Education, and Citizenship: Mobile

Malaysians, British Colonial Legacies and a Culture of

Migration. Singapore: Palgrave MacMillan.

Lee Kuan Yew. 2012. The Story of Singapore: Memoirs of Lee

Kuan Yew. Singapore: Marshall Cavendish.

Muhammad Naim Fakhirin. 2025. Tinjauan Awal Terhadap

Tindakan British Dalam Usaha Berkaitan Proses Berkerajaan

Sendiri di Singapura, 1948-1959. e-Bangi: Journal of Social

Sciences and Humanities Volume 22 Issue 2.

Muhammad Rahimi Hasan. 2020. Emansipasi dan Nasionalisme

dalam Politik Wanita Melayu Pra Merdeka: Sorotan Memoir

Khatijah Sidek, Aishah Ghani dan Shamsiah Fakeh,

International Journal of the Malay World and Civilisation

(1): 17-27.

Naoki, Soda. 2020. Conceptualizing the Malay World:

Colonialism and Pan-Malay Identity in Malaya. Tokyo:

Kyoto University Press.

Nazri Muslim. 2014. Institusi Raja-Raja Melayu: Peranannya

dalam Memelihara Kedudukan Islam dari Sudut

Perlembagaan, International Journal of the Malay World

and Civilisation 2(2): 121-127.

Neo, J.L, Swati Jhaveri, S. 2021. Constitutional Change in

Singapore: Reforming the Elected Presidency. Singapore:

Taylor and Franciss.

Reports of Legislative by-election (Cairnhill, 1957). Singapore

Election Department.

Reports of Legislative Election. 1955. Singapore Election

Department.

Reports of Legislative Election. 1959. Singapore Election

Department.

Reports on Education in Straits Settlements and The Federated

Malay States, 1870-1939.

Roff, W.R. 1974. The Origins of Malay Nationalism. Kuala

Lumpur: Penerbit Universiti Malaya.

Setiawan, M.P., Tomsa, D. 2023. Politics in Contemporary

Indonesia: Institutional Change, Policy Challenges and

Democratic Decline. Singapore: Taylor and Francis.

Tawfic, E.F. 2021. Panarabism and Arab Nationalism: The

Continuing Debate. Singapore: Taylor and Francis.

Teik, K.B. 2020. Malay Politics: Parlous Condition, Continuing

Problems. Singapore: ISEAS Publishing.

The Straits Times, 12 Mac 1955.

The Straits Times, 19 Mac 1955.

The Straits Times, 2 Jun 1959.

The Straits Times, 20 Mac 1955.

The Straits Times, 4 Jun 1959.

The Straits Times, 9 April 1955.

Tjin, T.P. 2023. Nationalism and Decolonisation in Singapore:

The Malayan Generation, 1953-1963. Singapore: NUS

Press.

Utusan Melayu, 3 Februari 1956.

Utusan Melayu, 9 Mei 1959.

Yee, J.J. 2020. Journey in Blue: A Peek into The Workers’ Party

of Singapore. Singapore: WS Publishing.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


 


ISSN 2289-1706 | e-ISSN : 2289-4268 

Institut Alam dan Tamadun Melayu (ATMA)
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan
MALAYSIA

© Copyright UKM Press, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia