Kepentingan Tindakan Undang-undang Terhadap Peminjam Ingkar Pembiayaan Mikro Dalam Memastikan Keadilan Kepada Institusi Pembiayaan (The Importance of Legal Action Against Microfinance Defaulting Borrowers in Ensuring Fairness to Financing Institutions in Malaysia)

Siti Amira Yaacob, Ruzian Markom, Nur Khalidah Dahlan

Abstract


Microfinance plays a vital role in assisting small and medium entrepreneurs to continue their businesses. This article discusses the importance of legal action against defaulting borrowers and the execution of legal action taken in Malaysia. Identifying the importance and execution of the legal action in Malaysia helps to understand the effectiveness of the legal process implemented against defaulting borrowers. The legal process implemented is also described in this article to help us understand the types of legal action against defaulting borrowers. This study is a doctrinal study of pure law. The data was obtained from relevant statutes, books, articles, and interviews methods covering five major microfinance institutions, including banking and non-banking. Finally, this study shows the implementation of legal action in microfinance institutions based on Foundation, Private Trust Body, Government Agency, Community Bank, and Cooperatives Bank where the findings of the study showed an increased repayment amount for each institution. This study will help Malaysia strengthen the national legal system to balance the needs of borrowers without distracting the importance of microfinance institutions.

 

Abstrak

Pembiayaan mikro memainkan peranan yang penting dalam membantu usahawan kecil dan sederhana meneruskan perniagaan. Peminjam yang ingkar menjelaskan bayaran balik pembiayaan mikro di Malaysia dikenakan tindakan undang-undang oleh institusi pembiayaan yang menawarkan pembiayaan tersebut. Artikel ini bertujuan membincangkan tentang kepentingan tindakan undang-undang terhadap peminjam ingkar dan bagaimana tindakan undang-undang tersebut dilaksanakan di Malaysia. Proses perundangan dan jenis tindakan undang-undang ke atas peminjam ingkar akan dihuraikan. Kajian ini ialah kajian doktrinal undang-undang tulen. Data kajian diperoleh dari statut, buku, artikel yang berkaitan dan temu bual meliputi empat buah institusi pembiayaan mikro utama di Malaysia. Akhir sekali kajian ini menunjukkan hasil pelaksanaan tindakan undang-undang di lima buah institusi pembiayaan yang berasaskan Yayasan, Badan Amanah Persendirian, Agensi Kerajaan, Bank Komuniti dan Bank Koperasi. memberi impak positif di mana dapatan kajian menunjukkan jumlah peratus pembayaran balik meningkat bagi setiap institusi tersebut. Diharap agar kajian ini berupaya membantu negara Malaysia memperkemas sistem perundangan negara dalam usaha mengimbangi keperluan peminjam tanpa menjejaskan kepentingan institusi pembiayaan mikro.

Kata kunci: Tindakan undang-undang: peminjam ingkar; pembiayaan mikro; keadilan; institusi pembiayaan


Keywords


Legal action; defaulting borrowers; microfinance; justice; the microfinance institution

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References


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