Penguatkuasaan Kesalahan Tidak Menunaikan Solat Jumaat (Enforcement Against the Offence of Failure to Perform Friday Prayers)

Abstract

The Syariah Criminal Offences Enactment provides punishment for men who fail to perform Friday prayers. However, the provisions of the law stipulating that action can only be taken against the offence of failure to perform Friday prayers for three consecutive times has raised issues from the aspect of enforcement and proof. Moreover, the provisions of the law also require the offense to occur in the parish where the offender resides complicating when it occurs outside the parish of the offender’s mosque. Therefore, this study analyse the substantive laws under the Syariah Criminal Offences Enactment regarding to the offence of failure to perform Friday prayers and its existing problems and give solutions to rectify the issues that occur. The writing uses qualitative research methods through document analysis, mainly looking at the legal aspects and shariah principles. Interviews were also conducted on sharia law practitioners. The results of these interviews are used to support the findings of this study. The results of the study found that there are elements that need to be proven in the provisions regarding baligh or mukallaf, three times in a row, mosques in the parish and uzur syarie under the Syariah Criminal Offences Enactment is general and unclear. The study suggests that the elements involved need to be detailed so that the enforcement on offenders not performing Friday prayers can be streamlined and strengthened further. Furthermore, the study also suggested that standard operating procedures (SOP) should also be developed in relation to the process of investigating these offenses in order to help the religious authorities conduct investigations properly and support the prosecution’s evidence in court later. The study is important in an effort to further strengthen the investigation and prosecution of offenses of not performing Friday prayers by the authorities.

Abstrak

Enakmen Kesalahan Jenayah Syariah memperuntukan hukuman ke atas orang lelaki yang tidak menunaikan solat Jumaat. Namun, peruntukan undang-undang mensyaratkan tindakan hanya boleh diambil terhadap kesalahan tidak menunaikan solat Jumaat selama tiga kali berturut-turut telah menimbulkan isu permasalahan dari aspek penguatkuasaan dan pembuktian. Malah,, peruntukan undang-undang juga menghendaki kesalahan tersebut berlaku dalam kariah tempat tinggal pesalah merumitkan apabila ia berlaku diluar daripada kariah masjid pelaku kesalahan. Kajian ini menganalisis undang-undang substantif yang telah diperuntukkan di bawah Enakmen Kesalahan Jenayah Syariah berkenaan dengan kesalahan tidak menunaikan solat Jumaat serta permasalahannya dan mencadangkan penyelesaian untuk mengastasi isu-isu yang berlaku. Penulisan ini menggunakan kaedah kajian kaedah kualitatif melalui analisis dokumen terutamanya meninjau dari aspek perundangan dan prinsip syariah. Kaedah temu bual turut dijalankan ke atas pengamal undang-undang syariah. Hasil dapatan temu bual ini digunakan untuk menyokong dapatan kajian ini. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa terdapat elemen yang perlu dibuktikan dalam peruntukan berkenaan baligh atau mukallaf, tiga kali berturut-turut, masjid dalam kariah dan uzur syarie di bawah Enakmen Kesalahan Jenayah Syariah adalah umum dan tidak jelas.Kajian mencadangkan agar elemen terbabit perlu diperincikan agar penguatkuasaan ke atas pesalah kesalahan tidak menunaikan solat Jumaat ini dapat diperkemaskan serta diperkasakan lagi. Seterusnya, kajian turut mencadangkan agar prosedur operasi standard (SOP) turut perlu dibina berhubung dengan proses penyiasatan kesalahan ini agar dapat membantu pihak penguatkuasa agama menjalankan siasatan dengan baik dan menyokong pembuktian pihak pendakwaan di mahkamah kelak. Kajian ini penting dalam usaha memperkasakan lagi penyiasatan dan pendakwaan kesalahan tidak menunaikan solat Jumaat oleh pihak berkuasa.

Kata kunci : Kesalahan tidak menunaikan solat Jumaat; penyiasatan; baligh; kariah; tiga kali berturut-turut