Penetapan Mazhab Ahli Sunnah Wa al-Jamaah Sebagai Definisi Islam di Malaysia:

Ezad Azraai Jamsari, Mohd Al Adib Samuri, Salmy Edawaty Yaacob, Noor Aziah Mohd Awal, Izhar Ariff Mohd Kashim, Mohamad Zulfazdlee Abul Hassan Ashari

Abstract


Islamic law in Malaysia clearly upholds the Ahli Sunnah wa al-Jamaah school of thought (Sunni) as a recognized sect. That provision has several implications especially towards the freedom of religion among the religious minority groups including muslim sects who are not Sunni. The issue is to what extent is freedom of religion as provided by the Federal Constitution guarantees the freedom to Muslim religious minority groups. The objective of this article is to study the freedom to propagate amongst non-Sunni religious minority groups in Malaysia. This article found that the freedom to profess and practice are fully protected by the Constitution. However such freedom does not include the right to progragate the teaching amongst Muslims. The religious minority groups’ freedom of religion are not affected since they are still allowed to profess and practice their beliefs. This article implies the real concept of freedom of religion which has some limitations, not an absolute protection, even to the Muslim religious minority group who are non-Sunni. This article may inspire future research on the extend of limitation of freedom of religion amongst religious minority groups and whether such limitations may instigate them to be involved in terrorism or militancy as a response to the so-called discrimination.

Keywords


Freedom of religion, muslim minority group, sunni-shia, restriction on religious propagation

Full Text:

PDF

References


Anon., Empat wakil pengikut Syiah bertemu

Suhakam, Utusan Malaysia, 21 December 2010

(online)http://www.utusan.com.my/utusan/

info.asp?y=2010&dt=1221&pub=utusan_

malaysia&sec=Dalam_Negeri&pg=dn_09.

htm&arc=hive%2c [31 January 2011].

Brems, E. 2006. A Commentary on the United Nations

Convention on The Rights of the Child: Article

: The Right to Freedom of Thought, Conscience

and Religion. The Netherland: Martinus Nijhoff

Publishers.

Cooray, A. 2000. The protection and promotion of

religious rights: a Commonwealth survey. Sri Lanka

Journal of International Law 12:178.

Crouch, M. 2007. Regulating places of worship in

Indonesia: upholding freedom of religion for

religious minorities?. Singapore Journal of Legal

Studies 116.

Dawson, B. & Thiru, S. 2007. Lina Joy case and the

future of religious freedom in Malaysia. Lawasia

Journal: 151-162.

Diver, A. & Thompson, J. 2007. Prayers, planners and

pluralism: protecting the rights of minority religious

groups. In Rehman J. & Breau S. (ed.). Religion,

Human Rights and International Law: Studies in

Religion, Secular Beliefs and Human Rights. The

Netherlands: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.

E-Fatwa. Official Portal Fatwa Malaysia, Syiah Di

Malaysia. http://www.e-fatwa.gov.my/fatwakebangsaan/

syiah-di-malaysia [31 Januari 2011].

Harding, A. 2002. The keris, the crescent and the blind

goddess: the state, Islam and the constitution in

Malaysia. Singapore Journal International &

Comparative Law 6: 167.

Harding, A. 1996. Law, Government and the Constitution.

Kuala Lumpur: Malayan Law Journal.

Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM). Pihak

Berkuasa Agama Pandang Serius Isu Ajaran Sesat.

http://www.islam.gov.my/pihak-berkuasa-agamapandang-

serius-isu-ajaran-sesat [31 Januari 2011].

Joseph, A.L.R. 2009. Unfettered religious freedom

hangs by the thread of minority dissent in Malaysia:

a review of the dissenting judgment of the federal

court in the Lina Joy Case Review of Constitutional

Studies 14: 226.

Karean, V. S. 2006. The Malaysian constitution and

its identity crisis - secular or theocratic. Lawasia

Journal: 50.

Kirby, M. 2008. Fundamental human rights and religious

apostasy: the Malaysian case of Lina Joy. Griffith

Law Review 17(1): 168.

Labuschagne, B. 1999-2000. Recognition of religious

differences under Dutch Law. Tilburg Foreign Law

Review 8 (2): 167.

Mohammed Imam. 1994. Freedom of religion under

federal constitution of Malaysia - a reappraisal.

CLJ 2 (Jun): lvii.

Nawaz, M. K. 1965. The concept of human rights in

Islamic law. Howard Law Journal 11: 325-332.

Neo, J. 2003. “Anti-God, anti-Islam and anti-Quran”:

expanding the range of participants and parameters

in discourse over women’s rights and Islam in

Malaysia. UCLA Pacific Basin Law Journal 21:

Nurjaanah Abdullah. 2007. Legislating Faith in Malaysia.

Singapore Journal of Legal Studies: 275.

Rehman, J. 2000. Accommodating religious identities

in an Islamic state: international law, freedom

of religion and the rights of religious minorities.

International Journal on Minority and Group

Rights 7(2): 165.

Scharffs, B. G. 2010-2011. The Freedom of Religion

and Belief Jurisprudence of the European Court of

Human Rights: Legal, Moral, Political and Religious

Perspectives. Journal of Law and Religion 26(1):

Sinyang, A. 2010. Markas Syiah Diserbu. Utusan

Malaysia, 17 Disember: 1.

Stahnke, T. & Blitt, R. 2007. Religion-state relationship

and the right to freedom of religion or belief: a

comparative textual analysis of the constitutions

of predominantly Muslim countries. International

Journal of Civil Society Law 5: 43-156.

Taylor, P. M. 2006. Freedom of Religion: UN and

European Human Rights Law and Practice. United

States of America: Cambridge University Press.

Vickers, L. 2008. Religious Freedom: Religious

Discrimination and the Workplace. Great Britain:

Hart Publishing.

Walterick, S. 2011. The prohibition of Muslim

headscarves from french public schools and

controversies surrounding the hijab in the western

world. Temple International & Comparative Legal

Justice 20: 251-282.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.