Biodiversiti dan Pemuliharaan Terumbu Karang di Tiga Buah Pulau, Melaka (Biodiversity and Conservation of Coral Reefs in Three Islands in Malacca)

SYAIMAK ISMAIL, MOHAMAD SAUPI BIN ISMAIL, MUHAMMAD SAIFUL ISLAM ISMAIL, AEMY AZIZ

Abstract


Di negeri Melaka terdapat lapan belas pulau yang direkodkan oleh Perbadanan Muzium Negeri Melaka (PERZIM). Sebahagian daripada pulau ini berperanan sebagai pulau pelancongan, pulau yang dibangunkan ada juga pulau yang tidak didiami. Walaubagaimanapun, terdapat tiga buah pulau yang direkodkan mempunyai terumbu karang istimewa yang masih berada dalam keadaan yang baik. Sehubungan itu, pihak Institut Penyelidikan Perikanan Batu Maung Pulau Pinang (AkuaTAR) telah menjalankan kajian biodiversiti terumbu karang di sekitar perairan Pulau Dodol, Pulau Serimbun dan Pulau Undan menggunakan kaedah selaman skuba selain turut menjalankan pemuliharaan ke atas terumbu karang yang telah dikenalpasti di perairan selat Melaka itu. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk merekodkan jenis komuniti bentuk seperti karang hidup selain mengenalpasti spesies terumbu karang yang terdapat di tiga buah pulau di negeri Melaka iaitu Pulau Undan, Pulau Dodol dan Pulau Serimbun. Kajian ini juga mengimplementasikan metod pemerhatian dengan menjalankan kajian lapangan di pulau yang terlibat dengan melakukan selaman skuba. Hasil dan perbincangan mendapati, ketiga-tiga pulau ini mempunyai kawasan perairan yang sangat bersih, tidak didiami serta memiliki pelbagai biodiversiti batu karang yang terdiri daripada terumbu karang lembut dan terumbu karang keras. Kajian ini juga mendapati ketiga-tiga pulau di negeri ini mempunyai terumbu karang yang terbesar di perairan selat Melaka.

Kata KunciBiodiversiti; Pemuliharaan; Terumbu karang; Tiga pulau; Melaka 

ABSTRACT 

In the state of Melaka, there are eighteen islands recorded by the Melaka State Museum Corporation (PERZIM). Part of this island serves as a tourist island, and developed islands are also uninhabited islands. However, three islands are recorded to have amazing coral reefs that are still in good condition. The Penang Batu Maung Fisheries Research Institute (AkuaTAR) has conducted a study on the biodiversity of coral reefs around the waters of Pulau Dodol, Pulau Serimbun, and Pulau Undan. AkuaTAR researchers are using scuba diving methods, and at the same time, they did conservation on coral reefs that have been identified in the waters of the Straits of Melaka. The objective of this study is to record the types of community forms such as living corals and identify the species of coral reefs found in three islands in the state of Melaka in Pulau Undan, Pulau Dodol, and Pulau Serimbun. The study also implemented method observation by conducting field studies on the islands involved by doing scuba diving. Results and discussion of the search, these three islands are located in very clean, uninhabited waters. They have a wide range of coral biodiversity using soft coral reefs and hard coral reefs. The study also found that the three islands in the state have the largest coral reefs in the waters of the Straits of Melaka.

Keywords: Biodiversity; Conservation; Coral; Three island; Melaka


Full Text:

PDF

References


Laporan Penyelidikan AkuaTAR. 2018. Spesis Terumbu Karang di Pulau Undan, Serimbun dan Dodol. AkuaTAR (dokumen yang tidak diterbitkan)

Allen, G. R., and R. Steene (1994). Indo Pacifi c Coral Reef Field Guide. Singapore: Tropical Reef Research, pp. 378

Burke, L., Selig, L., and M. Spalding (2002). Reefs at Risk in Southeast Asia. Washington, DC.: World Resources Institute. pp. 72

Coral. 2003. Introduction to Coral Reef Ecosystems, Threats, and Solutions. San Francisco, California: Coral Parks Program Education Series.

Lee Jen Nie dan Che Abdul Rahim Mohamed. 2011. Accumulation of Settling Particles in Some Coral Reef Area of Peninsular Malaysia. Sains Malaysiana. 40 (6): 549-564.

Mohd Safuan, Aziz Ali, Zuraini Zainol, Ahmad Ali .2018. A Baseline Assessment of Coral Reef In Malacca Straits, Malaysia. Jurnal Ocean Science 53 (2): 275-283.

Miftahul Huda. et al. 2013. Coral Reef Condition and Hard Coral (Scleractinia) Comunity in Local Marine Conservation Area, Bengkayang, West Kalimantan dlm Prosiding the 3rd International Conference on Biology. Vol 2. 507-513.

Donner, S.D. 2009. Coping with Commitment: Projected Thermal Stress on Coral Reefs Under Different Future Scenarios. PLoS ONE 4 (6): e5712. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0005712.

FAO, 2020. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture. Food and Agriculture Organization of United Nation: USA

James Fatherree. 2004. The Super Simple Guide to Corals. U.S.A: TFH Publications.

Foale, S., Adhuri, D., Alino, P., Allison, E.H., Andrew, N., Cohen, P., Evans, L., Fabinyi, M., Fidelman, P., Gregory, C., Stacey, N., Tanzer, J and Weeratunge, N. 2013. Food security and the Coral Triangle Initiative. Marine Policy 38: 174–183.

Hyde, J., Chan, A.A., Md. Nizam, I. and Izarenah, M.R. 2018. Malaysia Coral Reef 2017. Putrajaya: Department of Marine Park Malaysia

Ong, J.E. and Gong, W.K. 2001. The Seas, The Encyclopedia of Malaysia. Vol.6. Editions Didier Millet: US

PERZIM. (2018). Kedudukan Pulau di Negeri Melaka. PERZIM. (dokumen yang tidak diterbitkan)

Penyelidik AkuaTAR. 2018. Observasi Terumbu Karang di Tiga Pulau [Dirakam oleh Kumpulan Penyelam]. Pulau Negeri Melaka: Malaysia

Praveena SM, Siraj SS, Aris AZ. (2012). Kajian Terumbu Karang dan Ancaman di Malaysia: Ulasan Mini. Rev Environ Sci Bio11 (1): 27–39. https://doi:10.1007/s11157-011-9261-8.

Rusell Kelly. 2016. Indo-Pacific Coral Finder diambil pada 20 November 2020 daripada http://www.russellkelley.info/print/indo-pacific-coral-finder/

Safuan M, Wee HB, Ibrahim YS, Idris I, Bachok Z (2016) Current Status on the Structure of Coral Reef Communities on the West Coast Of Peninsular Malaysia Using Coral Video Transect Technique. Special Issue: International Seminar on the Straits of Malacca and the South China Sea. J Sustain Sci Manag 11 (2): 108–188

Subramaniam. (2018, Ogos 9) Rumah Api Pulau Undan (Syaimak Ismail Interviewer)

Sriyanie Miththapala. 2008. Coral Reefs. Sri Lanka: International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN)

Thia-Eng C, Gorre IR, Ross SA, Bernad SR, Gervacio B, EbarviaMC (2000) The Malacca Straits. Mar Pollut Bull 41(1):160–178. https://doi:10.1016/S0025-326X(00)00108-9.

Veron, J. E. N (2000). Corals of the World. Australia. Australian Institute of Marine Science.

Yap CK, Chee MW, Shamarina S, Edward FB, Chew W, Tan SG (2011) Assessment of water surface quality in Malaysian waters using multivariate analysis. Science Melayu 40 (10): 1053-1064


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Contact:

Editor-in-Chief

MALIM Jurnal Pengajian Umum Asia Tenggara

Pusat Pengajian Citra Universiti

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UK­M Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan

MALAYSIA

E-mail: jmalim@ukm.edu.my

© Copyright Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia