Fake News and Youth Perceptions: The Third-Person Effect, Locus of Control, and Fact-Checking Among Selangor’s Young Generation

Jeyasushma Veeriah, Chandrasekaran Veeraiah, Nurul Akqmie Badrul Hisham

Abstract


The third-person effect (TPE) is a psychological occurrence where individuals perceive that mass media influences others more than it influence them. This perception can lead people to believe that they are more capable of detecting fake news, and consequently may be reluctant to fact-check any news on social media. This study investigated the relationship between the third-person effect (TPE) and individuals' fact-checking behaviour in the context of fake health news, with locus of control serving as a moderator. A survey was conducted among 325 youth aged 15 to 30 in Selangor. Findings indicate that the third-person effect of fake news is stronger on others than on oneself. Notably, there is also a negative association between TPE on self and individuals' fact-checking behaviour, with locus of control acting as a moderator. Furthermore, the study reveals that the internal locus of control moderates the relationship between self-perceived TPE and fact-checking behaviour. These findings have significant implications for policymakers, educators, and the public in combatting misinformation. By promoting self-awareness and encouraging fact-checking practices, efforts can be taken to mitigate the impact of TPE on individuals’ susceptibility of fake health news. Additionally, the study expands the understanding of the TPE theory by exploring its relevance to fake news detection in the realm of health in Malaysia.

 

Keywords: Fact-checking behaviour, fake news, health news, locus of control, third-person effect (TPE).

 

https://doi.org/10.17576/JKMJC-2025-4102-13


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References


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