Examining the Impact of Quality of Work Life Dimensions on Early Retirement Intentions among Academicians
Abstract
Traditionally, the university’s role focused on disseminating knowledge, producing graduates for professional careers, and contributing to societal progress. The contemporary higher education role has extended beyond teaching to include new knowledge transfer, innovation, research activities, and social and community engagement. These high expectations and responsibilities have led to adverse effects on psychological well-being and job satisfaction, which can influence academicians’ intentions to take early retirement. This study, therefore, investigates the impact of Quality of Work Life (QWL) dimensions on early retirement intentions among academicians in a comprehensive university in Malaysia. A quantitative, cross-sectional survey was conducted with 215 academicians selected through a multi-stage stratified sampling approach across representative states. Seven QWL dimensions comprising job stress, job security, fair compensation, career development, physical work environment, work–life balance, and perceived organizational support represent the independent variables. The dependent variable, early retirement intention, was assessed using a standardized instrument. Multiple regression analysis revealed that job stress was the only significant predictor of early retirement intention. This suggests that psychological strain plays a more critical role than structural or organizational factors in shaping retirement decisions. The findings underscore the importance of stress management interventions and supportive workplace policies to retain experienced academicians and mitigate early retirement. Implications for theory, institutional practice, and future research are discussed.
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