Penggunaan Teknologi Digital dan Perkembangan Sosio-Emosi dalam Kalangan Kanak-Kanak Prasekolah di Semenanjung Malaysia

Rozita Wahab, Mariani Mansor

Abstract


Perkembangan sosio-emosi adalah antara aspek perkembangan yang paling kritikal dalam kalangan kanak-kanak yang berada di peringkat prasekolah. Pada peringkat ini, kanak-kanak perlu meningkatkan kemahiran sosio-emosi, kemahiran komunikasi, dan sikap positif dalam pergaulan dengan rakan sebaya atau individu dewasa sebagai persediaan untuk memulakan sesi persekolahan secara formal. Kajian ini dijalankan bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti perkaitan antara penggunaan teknologi digital dan perkembangan sosio-emosi kanak-kanak prasekolah di Semenanjung Malaysia. Kajian ini melibatkan 425 orang kanak-kanak prasekolah yang berusia antara lima hingga enam tahun. Sampel kajian telah dipilih menggunakan kaedah persampelan rawak berperingkat. Set borang soal selidik telah digunakan untuk mengumpul maklumat berkaitan perkembangan sosio-emosi (kesukaran sosio-emosi, tingkah laku prososial), penggunaan teknologi digital kanak-kanak prasekolah, profil latar belakang kanak-kanak dan ibu bapa. Alat pengukuran yang telah digunakan adalah Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire dan Skala Amalan Penggunaan Teknologi Digital. Hasil dapatan kajian menunjukkan terdapat perkaitan signifikan antara jumlah jam penggunaan teknologi digital, amalan penggunaan teknologi digital, dan perkembangan sosio-emosi kanak-kanak prasekolah. Kajian ini juga melaporkan bahawa terdapat perbezaan signifikan bagi amalan penggunaan teknologi digital dan tahap perkembangan sosio-emosi antara kanak-kanak prasekolah lelaki dan perempuan. Dapatan kajian ini membuktikan bahawa perkembangan sosio-emosi kanak-kanak pada masa kini sangat dipengaruhi oleh faktor penggunaan teknologi digital. Oleh itu, kajian ini mencadangkan agar program dan kempen-kempen untuk meningkatkan kesedaran berkaitan risikopenggunaan teknologi digital dan proses perkembangan yang sihat dalam kalangan kanak-kanak dapat dipertingkatkan bagi mencapai seluruh kumpulan sasaran. 

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References


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