Penggunaan Teknologi Pertanian dan Kesejahteraan Ekonomi Pekebun Kecil Industri Kelapa Sawit

Norfaizah Othman, Mariani Abdul-Majid, Suhaila Nadzri, Siti Aisyah Zahari

Abstract


Abstrak

Penggunaan teknologi dalam pertanian kelapa sawit meningkatkan pengeluaran minyak sawit. Walaupun penggunaan teknologi dalam pertanian sangat signifikan, kebanyakan pekebun kecil enggan beralih kepada teknologi baharu serta teragak-agak untuk melabur dalam teknologi baharu. Hal ini menjejaskan jumlah pengeluaran, produktiviti dan pendapatan pekebun kecil. Oleh itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti amalan semasa pekebun kecil dan penggunaan teknologi pertanian dalam kehidupan. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dengan melaksanakan temu bual separa berstruktur dalam kalangan pekebun kecil di Selangor. Teori domestik digunakan sebagai garis panduan pembangunan rangka kerja konseptual dan sebagai panduan untuk wawancara separa berstruktur. Data temu bual dianalisa dan analisis tematik telah digunakan bagi mengeluarkan tema-tema yang bersesuaian dengan objektif kajian. Penemuan menunjukkan  kebanyakan pekebun kecil telah menggabungkan teknologi pertanian dalam kehidupan seharian mereka terutama dalam aktiviti pembajaan, pembenihan dan penuaian. Penemuan ini mampu memperluaskan pengetahuan penyelidik berkenaan dengan pengadaptasian teknologi pertanian melalui fasa teori domestikasi. Oleh itu, kajian ini memberikan implikasi penting kepada pekebun kecil untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan ekonomi mereka dengan penggunaan teknologi pertanian dalam aktiviti pengurusan pertanian seperti penanaman, pembenihan, pembajaan, aplikasi racun herba dan penuaian. Kejayaan penggunaan teknologi pertanian dalam kalangan pekebun kecil akan membolehkan mereka melaksanakan aktiviti harian mereka sebagai petani dan seterusnya meningkatkan kesejahteraan ekonomi dalam jangka masa panjang. 

ABSTRACT

The adoption of agriculture technologies in the palm oil industry enhances the production of palm oil. Even though the adoption of agriculture technology is very significant, most of the smallholders are reluctant to move toward the new technology as well as hesitate to invest in new technology. This affected the total output, productivity, and income of the smallholders. Therefore, this study aims to understand the current practises of smallholders and the adoption of agriculture technology into their lives. To achieve the objective of this study, we will employ a basic qualitative research design and conduct semi-structured interview among the smallholders in Selangor. We adapt the domestication theory for conceptual framework development and as a guide for our semi-structured interviews. Interview data were analysed and thematic analysis were used to extract themes that correspond to the objectives of the study. The study found that most of the smallholders integrated agriculture technology in their daily lives especially in fertilizing, seeding, and harvesting activities. The finding contributes to the extending knowledge on process of usage agriculture technology in the phases of domestication theory. Thus, this study provides important implications for smallholders to increase their economic well-being by the adoption and usage of agriculture technologies in their current practises in farming management activities such as cultivation, seeding, fertilization, herbicide application and harvesting. The successful adoption and usage of agriculture technology among smallholders will enable them to perform their daily activities and subsequently improve their economic well-being in the long term.


Full Text:

PDF

References


Abdul-Hamid, A.-Q., Helmi Ali, M., Tseng, M.-L., Lan, S., & Kumar, M. 2020. Impeding challenges on industry 4.0 in circular economy: Palm oil industry in Malaysia. Computers & Operations Research,123.

Achmad, B., & Diniyati, D. 2018. The income structure of smallholder forest farmers in rural sumbawa, Indonesia. Biodiversitas, 19(3), 936–946.

Anderson, K. 2009. Policy reforms affecting agricultural incentives: Much achieved, much still needed. World Bank Research Observer, 25(1), 21–55. https://doi.org/10.1093/wbro/lkp014

Anderson, K. 2010. Economic impacts of policies affecting crop biotechnology and trade. New Biotechnology, 27(5), 558–564.

Awang, A. H., Rela, I. Z., Abas, A., Johari, M. A., Marzuki, M. E., Faudzi, M. N. R. M., & Musa, A. 2021. Peat land oil palm farmers’ direct and indirect benefits from good agriculture practices. Sustainability (Switzerland), 13(14), 1–18.

Chang, H. H., Lambert, D. M., & Mishra, A. K. 2008. Does participation in the conservation reserve program impact the economic well-being of farm households? Agricultural Economics, 38(2), 201–212.

Cramb, R. 2016. The political economy of large-scale oil palm development in Sarawak. In: Kaba A (Ed.), The oil palm complex: Smallholders, agribusiness and the state in Indonesia and Malaysia: 189-246.

Croucher, S., & Cronn-Mills, D. 2014. Understanding communication research methods: A theoretical and practical approach. Routledge.

Delmotte, S., Couderc, V., Mouret, J. C., Lopez-Ridaura, S., Barbier, J. M., & Hossard, L. 2017. From stakeholders narratives to modelling plausible future agricultural systems. Integrated assessment of scenarios for Camargue, Southern France. European Journal of Agronomy 82, 292–307.

Gebbers R. & Adamchuk V.I. 2010 Precision agriculture and food security. Science 327(5967), 828–831.

Hassan Reza Mohammad Nurul, Sreenivasan Jayashree. C. A. Malarvizhi. 2021 Industry 4.0 and Sustainability - A study on Malaysian MSC Status Companies. Book Chapter - Exploring Information Systems Research Boundaries (EISRB) - Series 3 http://Assets.Teradata.Com/Resources/Ebooks/EB6982

Hong, Y. Z., Liu, W. P., & Dai, Y. W. 2019. Income diversification strategies and household welfare: empirical evidence from forestry farm households in China. Agroforestry Systems, 93(5), 1909–1925.

Ishak, S., Hussain, M.Y., Omar, A.R.C., Awang, A.H. & Lyndon, N. 2017. Meneroka Refleksi Simpati Rasional Orang Tengah dalam Rantaian Pengeluaran Kelapa Sawit Pekebun Kecil. Akademika 87(2), 45-61.

Jackson-Smith, D., & Gillespie, G. W. 2005. Impacts of farm structural change on farmers’ social ties. Society and Natural Resources 18(3), 215–240.

Junaidi, A.B., Mohd Fuad, M. J., Ahmad Rizal, M. Y., Al-Amril, O., & Rosmadi, F. 2020. Socio-economic development of palm oil smallholders in Malaysia. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 7(7), 109-118.

Kikulwe, E. M., Fischer, E., & Qaim, M. 2014. Mobile money, smallholder farmers, and household welfare in Kenya. PLoS ONE, 9(10).

Kumar, A. (2020). Access to Credit in Eastern India. Economic and Political Weekly, May, 46–51.https://www.epw.in/journal/2020/21/special-articles/access-credit-easternindia.html%0Ahttps://www.epw.in/system/files/pdf/2020_55/21/PE_LV_21_230520_Anjani Kumar_Vinay K Sonkar_Sunil Saroj.pdf

Lim C.H., Loo V.L.K., Ngan S.L., How B.S., Ng W.P., Lam H.L. 2020. Optimisation of Industry Revolution 4.0 Implementation Strategy for Palm Oil Industry in Cyber Security. Chemical Engineering Transactions 81, 253-258

Liu, Y. L., Chang, K. tsung, Stoorvogel, J., Verburg, P., & Sun, C. H. 2012. Evaluation of agricultural ecosystem services in fallowing land based on farmers’ participation and model simulation. Paddy and Water Environment, 10(4), 301–310.

Mason, N. M., & Smale, M. 2013. Impacts of subsidized hybrid seed on indicators of economic well-being among smallholder maize growers in Zambia. Agricultural Economics (United Kingdom), 44(6), 659–670.

Merriam, S.B. 2009. Qualitative Research: A Guide to Design and Implementation. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley and Sons.

Merriam, S.B, Tisdell E.J. 2016. Qualitative Research: A Guide to Design and Implementation. San Francisco, CA: John Wiley and Sons.

Mossie, M., Gerezgiher, A., Ayalew, Z., & Nigussie, Z. 2021. Welfare effects of small-scale farmers’ participation in apple and mango value chains in Ethiopia. Agrekon, 60(2), 192–208.

Myers, M. 2013. Qualitative research in business & management (2nd ed.). Sage.

Peng, T.S., Lyndon, N., Hashim, K. & Aman, Z. 2021. The Role of Social Media Applications in Palm Oil Extension Services in Malaysia. Akademika 91(Isu Khas), 145-156.

Sabran, S.H., Abas, A., Mazlan, S.M. & Supramaniam, S.D. 2020. Amalan Penggunaan Racun Perosak dalam Kalangan Pesawah di Pulau Pinang. Akademika 90(Isu Khas 1), 5-19

Scrieciu, S. 2007. Economic Impacts of Adopting the Common Agricultural Policy of the European Union: A CGE Approach to the Case of Romania. Journal of Economic Integration, 22(2), 407–438.

Selamat, M.N. & Mukapit, M. 2018. The Relationship between Task Factors and Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) Performance in the Printing Industry. Akademika 88(3): 65-76.

Silverstone, R., & Haddon, L. 1996. Design and the domestication of information and communication technologies: Technical change and everyday life. In R. Mansell, & R. Silverstone (Eds.),Communication by design, the politics of information and communication technologies (pp. 44–74). Oxford University Press.

Smale, M., & Mason, N. 2014. Hybrid Seed and the Economic Well-Being of Smallholder Maize Farmers in Zambia. Journal of Development Studies, 50(5), 680–695.

Uwamariya, M., Loebbecke, C., & Cremer, S. 2021. Mobile money adoption in rural Rwanda: A domestication perspective. Africa Journal of Management, 7(2), 314–337.

Wahab, N. A. Sulaiman, R, Noor, A.M. & Abdullah, M.F. 2022. Penglibatan Wanita Melayu dalam Memperkasa Sosioekonomi dan Kesejahteraan Hidup Menerusi Penanaman Padi di Terengganu Pada Awal Abad 20. Akademika 92(3), 117-131.

Wong, M. H., & Er, A. C. 2019. Kelestarian Penanaman Kelapa Sawit dalam Kalangan Pekebun Kecil di Sri Aman, Malaysia. Jurnal Wacana Sarjana, 3(1), 1–16.

Yang, D., Zhang, H. wei, Liu, Z. min, & Zeng, Q. 2021. Do cooperatives participation and technology adoption improve farmers’ welfare in China? A joint analysis accounting for selection bias. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 20(6), 1716–1726.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


ISSN: 0126-5008

eISSN: 0126-8694