PERLAKSANAAN DAN CABARAN PENGLIBATAN BELIA DALAM PARLIMEN BELIA MALAYSIA (The implementation and challenges of youth engagement in Youth Parliament of Malaysia)

Abstract

Belia merupakan populasi terbesar penduduk dunia masakini dan dijangkakan akan berlaku peningkatan sebanyak 1.3 bilion orang lagi menjelang tahun 2030. Oleh itu, belia harus mengetahui ruang di mana mereka boleh melaksanakan hak-hak sivik dan politik serta menyumbang kepada proses pembuatan keputusan yang memberi impak terhadap kehidupan mereka dan negara. Jadi sejauhmana Parlimen Belia Malaysia (PBM) menyediakan ruang untuk penyertaan belia dalam proses pembuatan keputusan ini? Kertas  ini bertujuan meneliti perlaksanaan PBM, proses  serta cabaran penglibatan belia dalam  PBM. Data untuk kajian ini diperolehi melalui kaedah bancian terhadap perwakilan PBM sidang 2015-2016 yang berjumlah 133 orang disokong juga dengan temubual terhadap perwakilan dan sekretariat PBM. Perlaksanaan PBM  menyediakan platform terbaik dalam menyuarakan pandangan belia, namun demikian  terdapat beberapa cabaran yang terpaksa dihadapi iaitu kekurangan dana kewangan bagi pelaksanaan program atas kapasiti sebagai perwakilan, kekurangan perwakilan belia dalam institusi politik, kurangnya promosi dan hebahan, respon yang perlahan dan perspektif negatif golongan dewasa, fokus kepada jawatankuasa yang diwakili, masa/penjadualan dan kesediaan menggunakan pengaruh yang kuat.   Antara cadangan yang boleh dipertimbangkan ialah meningkatkan promosi PBM, penambahan perwakilan belia, minimakan kawalan terhadap usul dan komitmen pelaksanaan dan pemberian maklumbalas. Sungguhpun demikian, dapat dirumuskan penyediaan platform yang membenarkan penglibatan belia dalam pembuatan keputusan memberi impak positif terhadap pembangunan kapasiti belia dan sumbangan kepada kerajaan.

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Youth is the largest population of today's world and is expected to increase by 1.3 billion by 2030. Therefore, youth should know the platform where they can involved in civic and political rights and contribute to the decision-making process that impacts their life and the country. So how far does the Malaysian Youth Parliament (PBM) provide a platform for youth participation in this decision-making process? This paper aims to examine the implementation of PBM, processes and challenges of youth participation in PBM. The data for this study was obtained through a census method on the PBM delegation of the 2015-2016 summit of 133 people who were also supported by interviews with PBM delegates and secretaries. The implementation of the PBM provides the best platform in voicing the views of youth, but there are some challenges that need to be faced - the lack of financial funds for the implementation of capacity-building programs as representatives, lack of youth representation in political institutions, lack of promotion and encouragement, slow response and negative adult perspectives, focus on represented committees, timing/ scheduling and willingness to use strong influence. Among the suggestions that can be considered is to increase the promotion of PBM, the addition of youth representatives, minimize control over the motion and commitment to implementation and the delivery of feedback. However, it is possible to formulate a platform that allows youth engagement in decision making to have a positive impact on the development of youth capacity and contribution to the government.