INSTITUSI PENGAJIAN TINGGI DALAM PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI PENGALAMAN DI SEMENANJUNG MALAYSIA (Higher Education Institutions In Developing Experience Economy)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Pembangunan institusi pengajian tinggi merupakan salah satu strategi untuk mencetuskan pembangunan sesebuah bandar di kebanyakan negara sedang membangun. Dalam konteks pembangunan bandar masa kini, institusi pengajian tinggi juga mampu memperkembang dan mengikut rentak tuntutan ekonomi pengalaman. Melalui kerangka ekonomi pengalaman, penubuhan institusi pengajian tinggi ini dapat merangsang dan menggalak pembangunan bandar berteraskan 4E ekonomi pengalaman. Makalah ini bertujuan menilai impak pembangunan institusi pengajian tinggi terhadap elemen-elemen ekonomi pengalaman dalam pembangunan bandar pusat pengajian tinggi di sekitar semenanjung Malaysia. Empat elemen ekonomi pengalaman digunakan sebagai kerangka dalam menilai pencapaian ekonomi pengalaman bandar-bandar tersebut. Pembangunan yang berlaku kesan dari penubuhan institusi pengajian tinggi dinilai dengan melihat status bandar yang dicapai serta fasiliti-fasiliti yang terbina selepas penubuhan institusi-institusi ini. Fasiliti yang mencermin setiap pengalaman iaitu pendidikan, hiburan, estetika dan escapist dilihat untuk menilai pencapaian ekonomi pengalaman di setiap bandar pusat pengajian tinggi yang diteliti. Hasil kajian mendapati hampir kesemua institusi pengajian tinggi yang dinilai berjaya mempengaruhi elemen pengalaman pendidikan di bandar masing-masing. Selain itu, institusi pengajian tinggi jenis penyelidikan berjaya membangunkan ekonomi pengalaman di bandar pusat pengajian tinggi sama ada institusi tersebut ditubuhkan di kawasan bandar mahupun luar bandar. Kesimpulannya, kajian ini menyumbang kepada peri pentingnya penubuhan institusi pengajian tinggi dalam merangsang pembangunan ekonomi pengalaman dalam pembangunan bandar dan menyumbang kepada korpus ilmu berhubung dengan keupayaan kerangka ekonomi pengalaman membangunkan sesebuah bandar. 

Kata Kunci: Institusi Pengajian Tinggi, Ekonomi Pengalaman, Escapist. Estetika, Hiburan, Pendidikan

ABSTRACT

The development of higher learning institutions is seen as a strategy to trigger the development of an urban space in most developing countries. In the context of today's urban development, higher learning institutions are also able to develop and go along with the pace of experience economy. Through the framework of experience, the establishment of higher learning institutions can stimulate and encourage the urban development based on the principals of 4E of experience economy. This paper aims to evaluate the impact of higher learning institutions on the elements of experience economy development towards the development of the higher learning institution cities around the peninsular Malaysia. Four elements of experience economy are used as a framework in assessing the experience economy achievement of those cities. The development resulting from the higher learning institutions establishment are evaluated by looking at the status achieved by the city and the facilities built after the establishment of the institutions. Facilities that reflect each experience; education, entertainment, esthetics and escapist are seen to assess the achievement of experience economy in each of the higher learning institutions cities. The findings show that almost all of the institutions that were evaluated succeeded in influencing the element of educational experience in their respective cities. In addition, research institutions succeeded in developing experience economy both in the urban and rural area. As a conclusion, this study contributes to the importance of the roles of higher learning institutions in stimulating the development of the experience economy in the urban services sector and also contributes to the corpus of knowledge with regards to the capability of the framework of experience economy in developing a city.

Keywords: Experience Economy, Education, Entertainment, Escapist, Estethic.