Hubungan antara Efikasi Diri dan Situasi Berisiko Tinggi Relaps dalam kalangan Banduan Dadah

Abstract

Efikasi diri merupakan aspek penting dalam menentukan keyakinan dan kemampuan diri seseorang untuk mengamalkan gaya hidup sihat dan mencegah diri daripada terlibat semula dengan dadah. Oleh itu kajian ini dilakukan bertujuan untuk (1) mengenalpasti tahap efikasi diri dalam kalangan banduan dadah dan (2) mengenalpasti hubungan antara efikasi diri dengan situasi berisiko tinggi relaps dalam kalangan banduan dadah. Kajian dijalankan secara tinjauan keratan-lintang dengan menggunakan reka bentuk kuantitatif. Seramai 407 orang banduan yang terlibat dengan kes dadah dan sedang menjalani tahanan dan pemulihan di Jabatan Penjara Malaysia telah dipilih sebagai responden kajian. Data kajian dianalisis dengan mengunakan ujian deskriptif dan korelasi Pearson. Hasil kajian mendapati majoriti banduan yang sedang menjalani pemulihan dan tahanan di Penjara Malaysia menunjukkan efikasi diri pada tahap sederhana ke tahap yang tinggi. Analisis korelasi Pearson pula mendapati efikasi diri mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dengan situasi berisiko tinggi relaps. Hasil kajian memberi implikasi kepada pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan dalam menambahbaik program-program rawatan dan pemulihan yang melibatkan aspek efikasi diri dalam kalangan banduan.

Kata kunci: efikasi diri, banduan, relaps, dadah, penjara

Abstract: Self-efficacy is an important aspect in determining an individual's confidence and ability to practice a healthy lifestyle and to prevent drug relapse. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of (1) identifying the level of self-efficacy among drug offenders and (2) analyzing the relationship between self-efficacy and the high-risk relapse situations among drug offenders. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a quantitative research design. A total of 407 offenders sentenced for drug offences and currently undergoing imprisonment and rehabilitation at the Malaysia Prison Department were selected as respondents to the study. Research data were analyzed using the descriptive statistics and the Pearson's correlation test. The results of the study found that the majority of offenders undergoing rehabilitation and imprisonment in Malaysia prisons reported between moderate and high levels of self-efficacy. Pearson's correlation analysis found that self-efficacy has a significant relationship with the high-risk relapse situations. The results of the study have implications to stakeholders in improving treatment and rehabilitation programs concerning aspects of self-efficacy among the offenders.

Keywords: self-efficacy, prisoners, relapse, drugs, prison

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