Pengaruh Faktor Keperluan dan Kemahuan terhadap Interpretasi Komuniti Tamil tentang Kualiti Hidup di Kawasan Setinggan Dharavi, Mumbai, India

Abstract

Kualiti hidup setinggan seringkali dilihat daripada sudut pemahaman dan keperluan pihak pembuat dasar. Keadaan ini menyebabkan kemahuan dan keperluan komuniti setinggan kerap diketepikan dan tidak diendah. Fenomena ini mencerminkan kelemahan intervensi oleh pihak berkepentingan dalam memastikan kualiti hidup bagi komuniti Tamil di kawasan setinggan Dharavi. Sekiranya langkah yang efektif tidak diambil, keadaan ini boleh memberi kesan negatif kepada kualiti hidup penduduk di bandar dan komuniti setinggan bandar. Untuk menangani isu ini, adalah penting untuk memahami interpretasi komuniti yang terlibat itu sendiri bagi membantu meningkatkan kualiti hidup masyarakat setinggan. Justeru, objektif utama kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pengaruh faktor keperluan dan kemahuan terhadap interpretasi komuniti setinggan Tamil tentang kualiti hidup di kawasan setinggan Dharavi, Mumbai, India. Seramai 20 orang informan telah dipilih dari kalangan komuniti Tamil di kawasan tersebut. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kualitatif dimana data telah dikumpul melalui temu bual mendalam dan pemerhatian tidak turut serta sebelum dianalisis secara tematik. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan kualiti hidup informan dipengaruhi oleh faktor keperluan dan kemahuan komuniti Tamil di kawasan setinggan Dharavi, India yang boleh dikategorikan sebagai material atau bukan material. Penemuan ini boleh digunakan oleh pihak berkepentingan untuk membangunkan dasar dan program yang lebih berkesan untuk komuniti setinggan. Hasil kajian ini juga diharapkan dapat menjadi panduan kepada pengkaji akan datang.

Kata kunci: Kualiti hidup; kawasan setinggan; komuniti Tamil; keperluan; kemahuan

Abstract: The quality of life in slums is often seen from the policymakers’ perspective and understanding. Such a situation often causes the wants and needs of the slum community to be ignored. This phenomenon reflects the weakness of interventions implemented by stakeholders to ensure the quality of life for the Tamil community in the Dharavi slum. Failure to take effective measures will prompt the situation to have a negative impact on the quality of life of both urban residents and urban slum communities. To address this issue, it is important to understand the interpretations of the communities involved. Such an understanding can help improve the quality of life of the slum community. Thus, the main objective of this study was to examine the influence of the need and desire factors on the interpretation of the Tamil slum community about the quality of life in Dharavi, Mumbai, India. A total of 20 informants were selected from the Tamil community living at the location. This study used a qualitative method whereby the data was collected through in-depth interviews and non-participatory observations followed by a thematic analysis. The results showed that the informants' quality of life is influenced by the needs and wants of the Tamil community in the slums of Dharavi, India, which can be categorized as material or non-material. Such findings can be utilized by stakeholders to develop more effective policies and programs for slum communities. It also serves as a guide for future researchers.

Keywords: Quality of life; slums; Tamil community; needs; wants

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