Industri pertanian merupakan sektor ketiga terpenting dalam ekonomi Malaysia dengan sumbangan besar kepada pengeluaran dan eksport minyak sawit global. Kejayaan industri ini telah menarik minat generasi kedua untuk terus kekal sebagai pekebun kecil. Kebanyakan pengkaji lepas melihat faktor yang menyebabkan generasi kedua terus kekal sebagai pekebun dalam industri sawit, hanya dalam konteks modal ekonomi dan modal sosial semata-mata. Namun, tiada kajian yang menekankan peranan modal budaya dalam memastikan kesinambungan generasi kedua dalam industri sawit. Justeru itu, kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti elemen modal budaya yang menjadi faktor pendorong pekebun kecil terus kekal dalam industri sawit dan menganalisis tahap pengaruh elemen-elemen tersebut terhadap keberadaan generasi kedua di dalam industri sawit. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kuantitatif melibatkan 151 pekebun kecil generasi kedua di kawasan kajian, yang memberikan pandangan dan respons melalui borang soal selidik. Hasil kajian mendapati enam elemen modal budaya yang mempengaruhi keberadaan generasi kedua dalam industri sawit. Elemen-elemen tersebut termasuklah sikap, budaya kebendaan, faktor persekitaran, nilai, kemahiran, dan pengetahuan, yang kesemuanya mempengaruhi tingkah laku generasi kedua untuk terus kekal sebagai pekebun kecil dalam industri kelapa sawit. Implikasinya, keberadaan golongan generasi kedua sebagai pekebun kecil sangat dipengaruhi oleh modal budaya dalam konteks sikap, budaya kebendaan, faktor persekitaran, nilai, kemahiran dan pengetahuan. Oleh yang demikian, pihak Kerajaan perlu memberi penekanan kepada elemen tersebut yang mempengaruhi tingkah laku mereka untuk terus kekal dalam industri sawit ini.

Kata kunci: Pekebun kecil; kelapa sawit; modal sosial; generasi ke-2; industri sawit

Abstract: The agricultural industry is the third-largest sector in Malaysia's economy. This sector has achieved great strides, contributed significantly to the production and export of palm oil worldwide, and attracted the interest of the second generation, who now want to persist as smallholders in the oil palm industry. Most previous research on the second generation of oil palm smallholders focuses only on economic and social capital, neglecting the role of cultural capital. However, no study has focused on the role of cultural capital in ensuring the continued presence of the second generation in the palm oil farming industry. This study aims to identify the cultural capital elements that drive smallholders to stay in the oil palm industry and analyze their impact on the continued presence of the second generation in the sector. This quantitative study uses a questionnaire completed by 151 second-generation smallholders in the study area, who provided their views and responses to the research questions. The results of the study found that there are six elements of cultural capital include elements of attitude, material culture, environmental factors, values, skills and knowledge influencing the behavior of the second generation to continue as smallholders in the oil palm farming industry. The findings suggest that the second generation's continued involvement as smallholders is influenced by cultural capital, including attitudes, material culture, environmental factors, values, skills, and knowledge. Therefore, the government should focus on these cultural elements to support their retention in the oil palm industry.

Keywords: Small holder; palm oil; social capital; second generation; palm oil industries

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