Kajian Tinjauan Literatur Sistematik (SLR) Mengenai Model, Strategi Dan Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Keberkesanan Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran Digital Dalam Pendidikan STEM Di Pengajian Tinggi
Abstract
Abstrak: Kajian tinjauan literatur sistematik ini bertujuan mengenal pasti model, strategi dan faktor yang mempengaruhi keberkesanan pelaksanaan pembelajaran digital dalam pendidikan STEM (Sains, Teknologi, Kejuruteraan dan Matematik) di peringkat pengajian tinggi. Sebanyak 46 artikel daripada pangkalan data Web of Science (WOS) telah dianalisis menggunakan pendekatan Kajian Literatur Sistematik (SLR). Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa model seperti TPACK (Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge) memainkan peranan penting dalam merancang serta menilai keberkesanan pelaksanaan pembelajaran digital. Strategi yang dikenal pasti merangkumi penggunaan platform digital, projek digital, simulasi dan permainan digital yang terbukti meningkatkan penglibatan, motivasi serta pemahaman pelajar. Faktor keberkesanan melibatkan domain kognitif, afektif dan tingkah laku seperti penglibatan aktif, keyakinan diri, sokongan sosial dan kemahiran teknikal. Kajian ini mencadangkan agar penyelidikan masa depan menggunakan pengukuran psikometrik bagi menilai faktor afektif dan tingkah laku dengan lebih mendalam serta memperluaskan kajian kepada populasi pelajar berpendapatan rendah yang mungkin menghadapi cabaran teknologi dan emosi yang berbeza. Kajian ini memberikan gambaran menyeluruh tentang model dan strategi bagi meningkatkan keberkesanan pembelajaran digital di pendidikan tinggi.
Abstract: This systematic literature review aims to identify models, strategies and factors that influence the effectiveness of digital learning implementation in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics) education at the higher education level. A total of 46 articles obtained from the Web of Science (WOS) database were analysed using the Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. Findings indicate that models such as Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) play a significant role in planning and assessing the effectiveness of digital learning implementation. Identified strategies include the use of digital platforms, digital projects, simulations, and game-based learning, all of which have been shown to enhance students’ engagement, motivation and comprehension. The factors influencing effectiveness encompass cognitive, affective and behavioural domains, such as active participation, self-confidence, social support, and technical skills. The study recommends that future research adopt psychometric measurements to better assess affective and behavioural factors and expand investigations to students from lower socio-economic backgrounds who may face different technological and emotional challenges. This study provides a comprehensive overview of models and strategies to enhance the effectiveness of digital learning in higher education.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/ebangi.2026.2303.21
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