Elemen-elemen Pembelajaran Berpusatkan Murid dalam Pengajaran Akidah dan Impaknya (Elements of Student-Centered Learning in the Teaching of Faith and Its Impact)

Abstract

Tranformasi pembelajaran masa kini menuntut guru-guru mengaplikasikan pendekatan pembelajaran yang memberi ruang kepada murid-murid meneroka ilmu dan menggilap potensi mereka. Usaha ini perlu sejajar dengan matlamat untuk merealisasikan Falsafah Pendidikan Kebangsaan iaitu melahirkan insan yang seimbang dari aspek akademik dan sahsiah diri. Kajian kes ini dilaksanakan bagi meneroka elemen-elemen yang terlibat dalam proses pembelajaran dan pengajaran (P&P) Akidah dalam kalangan murid sekolah rendah dan impaknya. Seramai lima orang guru PI sekolah rendah telah ditemubual secara mendalam di samping terlibat dalam pemerhatian dan analisis dokumen bagi meneroka amalan mereka dalam P&P Akidah. Data telah dianalisis secara tematik. Dapatan menunjukkan bahawa terdapat tiga elemen utama yang terlibat dalam proses pembelajaran masa kini, iaitu ruang berfikir, interaksi dua hala dan kolaboratif. Impak pembelajaran berpusatkan murid dalam Akidah meliputi aspek pemerkasaan budaya intelek, pembentukan insan kamil dan pemantapan profesionalisme keguruan. Implikasinya, pembelajaran berpusatkan murid dalam pengajaran Akidah juga melatih guru lebih bersedia dalam P&P, meningkatkan ilmu guru dan murid seterusnya menggilap potensi diri murid. Di samping itu, penambahbaikan pengajaran dan pembelajaran agar lebih bermakna dalam penguasaan ilmu, kemahiran dan nilai turut diperolehi.

Kata Kunci: Elemen pembelajaran; pengajaran Akidah; pembelajaran berpusatkan murid; Pendidikan Islam; Sekolah rendah; Kajian kes

Today’s learning transformation requires teachers to apply learning approaches that provide space for students to explore knowledge and polish their potential. This effort must be in line with the goal of realizing the National Education Philosophy, which is to produce humans who are balanced in terms of academics and personality. This case study was conducted to explore the elements involved in the process of teaching and learning (P&P) of Akidah among primary school students and its impact. A total of five primary school Islamic Education teachers were interviewed in-depth as well as involved in observation and document analysis to explore their practices in the P&P of Akidah. Data were analyzed thematically. Findings indicate that there are three main elements involved in the current learning process, namely thinking space, two -way interaction and collaborative. The impact of student-centered learning in the Faith includes aspects of the empowerment of intellectual culture, the formation of perfect human beings and the strengthening of teacher professionalism. The study implies that student-centered learning in the teaching of Akidah also trains teachers to be more prepared in P&P, improving the knowledge of teachers and students and further polishing the potential of students. In addition, the improvement of teaching and learning to be more meaningful in the mastery of knowledge, skills and values are also obtained.

Key Words: Learning elements; teaching Akidah; student-centered learning; Islamic education; Primary school; Case study