Pendefinisian Filem Berunsurkan Islam dan Pemerkasaan Watak Wanita dalam Filem ‘Perempuan Berkalung Sorban’
Abstract
Makalah ini memfokuskan kepada perbahasan mengenai definisi filem berunsurkan Islam. Setakat kajian ini dijalankan, definisi filem berunsurkan Islam masih lagi kurang mendapat penelitian ilmiah dari para sarjana media khususnya dalam kajian filem. Justeru, penyelidik ingin mendalami definisi filem berunsurkan Islam dengan menilai representasi watak wanita dalam filem. Bagi mencapai objektif tersebut, sebuah filem dari Indonesia bertajuk Perempuan Berkalung Sorban (2009) telah dipilih melalui teknik persampelan bertujuan, sebagai sampel kajian. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah analisis kandungan kualitatif yang berpandukan kepada kerangka teoretikal hasil gabungan kerangka kritikan feminisme dan teori Ilmu Sosial Profetik oleh Kuntowijoyo (2004), sebagai kerangka analisis. Analisis dilakukan dengan melihat pembinaan watak wanita melalui unsur-unsur sinematik yang terdapat dalam filem seperti pembingkaian kamera, dialog, latar tempat dan sebagainya. Dapatan kajian mendapati watak wanita yang dianalisis merupakan watak utama dalam filem adalah dinamik dan perkasa. Hal ini dapat difahami dan dijelaskan melalui dua rangkaian teori Ilmu Sosial Profetik, iaitu rangkaian Humanisasi-Transendensi dan juga rangkaian Liberasi-Transendensi. Melalui rangkaian-rangkaian ini, dapat dibuktikan bahawa watak wanita dalam filem berunsurkan Islam bukan sahaja dinamik dan perkasa, malahan turut menjadi agen pembebasan yang bersifat transendensi. Oleh yang demikian, dapatan ini dapat memberi nilai tambah kepada pemahaman definisi filem berunsurkan Islam yang sedia ada. Selain daripada itu, gabungan kerangka kritikan feminisme dan teori Ilmu Sosial Profetik yang digunakan sebagai landasan analisis dalam kajian ini turut memberi dimensi baharu dalam bidang filem terutamanya bagi kajian yang melibatkan representasi watak wanita.
Kata kunci: Filem berunsurkan Islam, filem Islam, media massa, watak wanita, teori ilmu sosial profetik.
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