Pengaruh Kemahiran Literasi Media dalam Konteks Pengundi Muda Baharu di Malaysia
Abstract
Teknologi media telah menjadi kuasa transformatif dalam membentuk sfera politik sehingga mendorong penggubalan dasar penurunan had umur mengundi dilaksanakan di Malaysia. Penurunan had umur mengundi daripada 21 tahun kepada 18 tahun tanpa kajian empirikal dilaporkan mencetus isu kesediaan penyertaan politik. Kajian ini berpendapat kemahiran literasi media daripada dimensi struktur proses maklumat politik mempengaruhi kesediaan penyertaan politik. Objektif kajian ini untuk menilai pengaruh kemahiran literasi media daripada dimensi struktur proses maklumat politik terhadap kesediaan penyertaan politik dalam kalangan pengundi muda baharu di Malaysia. Terdapat tujuh kemahiran proses maklumat politik yang diuji, iaitu kemahiran analisis, penilaian, pengelompokan, induksi, deduksi, sintesis dan abstrak. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah tinjauan bersemuka dan persampelan rawak mudah ke atas 547 responden yang berumur 18 tahun hingga 26 tahun. Bagi memastikan pengumpulan data yang strategik mewakili seluruh Malaysia, peta Malaysia dibahagikan kepada Zon Utara, Selatan, Timur, Barat dan Borneo merangkumi kawasan bandar dan luar bandar. Kajian ini melaporkan kemahiran induksi (mahir kenal maklumat sahih), deduksi (maklumat politik bentuk kesediaan penyertaan politik) dan sintesis (mahir cipta maklumat politik) mempunyai pengaruh terhadap kesediaan penyertaan politik dalam kalangan pengundi muda baharu di Malaysia. Namun, kemahiran analisis, penilaian, pengelompokan dan abstrak tidak mempunyai pengaruh yang signifikan. Kajian ini mencadangkan kerjasama strategik antara Kementerian Belia dan Sukan bersama Suruhanjaya Pilihan raya Malaysia, Kementerian Komunikasi dan Kementerian Digital dalam Program Latihan Khidmat Negara (PLKN) untuk pendedahan kemahiran literasi media. Projek strategik serampang dua mata ini dijangka memperkasakan kemahiran literasi media dan meningkatkan tahap kesediaan penyertaan politik dalam kalangan pengundi muda baharu di Malaysia.
Kata kunci: Literasi media, pengundi muda baharu, kemahiran proses maklumat politik, penyertaan politik, mengundi.
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