KESAN PINGGIRAN EKOSISTEM SAWIT KE ATAS KOMPOSISI SERANGGA PADA SEMPADAN GUNA TANAH BERBEZA

Nur-Athirah Abdullah, Mohamad Haris Hussain, Zeti Aktar Ayob, Dzulhelmi Muhammad Nasir, Faszly Rahim

Abstract


Serangga memainkan peranan yang sangat penting di dalam ekosistem pertanian dan merangkumi pelbagai kumpulan berfungsi. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menentukan arah pergerakan komuniti serangga yang merentasi ekosistem sawit pada sempadan guna tanah berbeza. Kajian ini dijalankan di Ladang Endau-Rompin (LER), Pahang. Enam stesen persampelan ditempatkan di dalam dan pinggir LER. Persampelan dilakukan menggunakan perangkap langgar-jatuh. Sejumlah 4,217 individu serangga terdiri daripada sembilan order merangkumi 81 famili telah diperoleh. Lapan order tersebut terdiri daripada Hymenoptera, Blattodea, Coleoptera, Hemiptera, Diptera, Orthoptera, Dermaptera, Lepidoptera, dan Siphonaptera. Tiga famili paling melimpah adalah Sciaridae (585 individu; 13.87%), Dolichopodidae (517 individu; 12.26%), dan Nitidulidae (382 individu; 9.06%). Ini diikuti dengan Formicidae (346 individu; 8.20%) dan Curculionidae (273 individu; 6.47%). Famili-famili serangga yang lain mempunyai peratus individu yang kurang daripada 5%. Nilai Indeks Kepelbagaian Shannon bagi stesen J42TB adalah paling tinggi dengan nilai sebanyak (H’=3.011) manakala nilai indeks kepelbagaian yang paling rendah adalah stesen J20TB dengan nilai sebanyak (H’=2.028). Terdapat perbezaan yang nyata (t=-25.47, p < 0.05) di antara kepelbagaian serangga di setiap lokasi persampelan. Kesan pinggir tarikan dapat dilihat dengan jelas di dalam LER. Dendogram dari analisis pengelompokan dua hala menunjukkan komuniti serangga di ladang Endau-Rompin terpisah kepada dua kumpulan yang hadir pada arah yang berbeza iaitu utara, selatan, timur, dan barat. Ujian khi kuasa dua menunjukkan komuniti serangga yang hadir dari setiap arah (utara, selatan, timur, barat) adalah berbeza (χ2= 370.259, p < 0.05).


Full Text:

PDF

References


Araujo, W. S. & Espirinto-Santo, F. K. 2012. Edge effect benefits galling insects in the Brazillian Amazon. Biodiversity Conservation 1-7.

Azmi, W. A., Lian, C. J., Zakeri, H. A., Yusuf, N., Omar, W. B. W., Wai, Y. K., Zulkefli, A. N. & Haris-Hussain, M. 2017. The Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus: Current issues and challenges in Malaysia. Oil Palm Bulletin 74: 17-24.

Azmi, W. A., Saaidin, M. F. M., Haris-Hussain, M. & Hatta, M. F .M. 2019. A survey on diversity of insects in Pulau Sibu, Johor. Malayan Nature Journal 71(3): 349-359.

Basri, M. W. & Norman, K. 1997. Role and effectiveness of Elaeidobius kamerunicus, Thrips hawaiiensis and Pyroderces sp. in pollination of mature oil palm in peninsular Malaysia. Elaeis 9(1): 1-16.

Chung, G. F., Mohd Basri, W. & Ariffin, D. 1995. Recent development in plant protection of the Malaysian palm oil industry. Paper presented at the 1995 PORIM National Oil Palm Conference–Technologies in Plantation Palm Oil Research Institute of Malaysia.

Collinge, S. K. 2000. Effect of grassland fragmentation on insect species loss, colonization and movement patterns. Ecology 81: 2211-2226.

Daly, H. V, Doyen, J. T, Purcel. III, A. H. 1998. Introduction to Insect Biology and Diversity. New York: Oxford University Press.

Davies, K. F., Melbourne, B. A. & Margules, C. R. 2001. Effects of within and between-patch processes on community dynamics in fragmentation experiment. Ecology 82(7): 1830-1846.

Dennis, P. & Fry, G. L. 1992. Field margins: Can they enhance natural enemy population densities and general arthropod diversity on farmlands. Agriculture, Ecosystem and Environment 40: 95-115.

Eycott, A., Watts, K., Moseley, D. & Ray, D. 2007. Evaluating Biodiversity in Fragmented Landscapes:Theuse of Focal Species.Edinburgh: Forestry Commission.

Fitzherbert, E. B., Strucking, M. J., Morel, A., Danielson, F., Bruhl, C. A., Donald, P. F. & Phalan, B. 2008. How will oil palm expansion affect biodiversity? Trends in Ecology and Evolution 23(10): 538-545.

Foster, W. A., Snaddon, J. L., Turner, E. C., Fayle, T. M., Cockerill, T. D., Farnon, E. M. D., Broad, G. R., Chung, A. Y. C., Eggleton, P., Chey, V. K. & Kalsum, M. Y. 2011. Establishing the evidence base formaintaining biodiversity and ecosystem function in the oil palm landscapes of South East Asia. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 366: 3277-3291.

Graham, P. 2010. Insect navigation. In Breed, M. D. & Moore, J. (eds.). Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior, pp. 167-175. Oxford: Academic Press.

Haila, Y. 2002. A conceptual geneology of fragmentation research: From island biogeography to landscape ecology. Ecological Application 12: 321-334.

Howard, F. W. & Giblin-Davis, R. M. 2008. Palm insects. Encyclopedia of Entomology 16: 2721-2726.

Koh, L. P. & Wilcove, D. S. 2008. Is oil palm agriculture really destroying tropical biodiversity. Conservation Letter 1-5.

Mathe, I. 2006. Forest edge and carabid diversity in a Carpathian beech forest. Community Ecology 7(1): 91-97.

Mayfield, M. M. 2005. The importance of nearby forest to known and potential pollinators of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.; Areceaceae) in southern Costa Rica. Economic Botany 59(2): 190-196.

McCune, B. & Grace, J. B. 2002. Analysis of Ecological Community. Glenden Beach, Oregon: MjM Software.

Merlin, C., Heinze, S. & Reppert, S. M. 2011. Unraveling navigational strategies in migratory insects. Current Opinion in Neurobiology 22: 1-9.

Miguens, F. C., Sacramento, M. J. A., Amorim, L. V., Goebel, V. R., LeCoustour, N., Lummerzheim, M., Lacerda, M. J .I. & Motta, C. R. 2011. Mass trapping and biological control of Rhynchophorus palmarum. L: A hypothesis based on morphological evidences. Entomo Brasilis 4(2): 49-55.

Novotny, V. & Basset, Y. 2000. Rare species in communities of tropical insect herbivores: pondering the mystery of singletons. OIKOS 89: 564-572.

Nur Athirah Abdullah. 2011. Perbezaan komuniti serangga pada dua jenis tumbuhan berbunga, Turnera ulmifolia dan Melastoma malabathricum. Disertasi IjazahSarjana Muda Biologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Olckers, T. 2000. Biology and physiological host range of four species of Platyphoragistel (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) associated with Solanum mauritianumScop (Solanaceae) in South America. The Coleopterist Bulletin 54(4): 497-510.

Rosenberg, D. K., Noon, R. R. & Meslow, E. C. 1998. Biological corridors: form, function and efficiancy. Bioscience 47(10): 677-687.

Triplehorn, C. A, Johnson, N. F. 2005. Borror and Delong’s Introduction to the Study of Insects. United States: Brooks/Cole.

Turner, P. D. & Gillbanks, R. A. 2003. Oil Palm Cultivation and Management. Kuala Lumpur: Incorporated Society of Planters.

Turner, E. C., Snaddon, J. L., Fayle, T. M. & Foster, W. A. 2008. Oil palm research incontext: identifying the need of biodiversity assessment. PloS ONE 3(2): 1572-1575.

Wilcove, D. S., McLellan, C. H. & Dobson, A. P. 1986. Habitat fragmentation in the temperate zone. Conservation Biology 237-256.

Wirth, R., Meyer, S. T., Leal, I. R. & Tabarelli, M. 2008. Plant herbivore interactions at the forest edge. Progress in Botany 69: 423-442.

Zahari, S. N. M., Rusli, R., Haris-Hussain, M. & Jalinas, J. 2019. Survival rate and development of larvae Elaeidobius kamerunicus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) on artificial diets. Serangga 24(1): 126-141.


Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.