KESAN BERAT PUPA TERHADAP PEMBIAKAN RAMA-RAMA DAN KEMUNCULAN LARVA GENERASI SETERUSNYA DALAM Spodoptera frugiperda (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE)

Siti Noor Aishikin Abdul Hamid, Razean Haireen Mohd Razali, Johari Jalinas

Abstract


Kejayaan Pengurusan Perosak Bersepadu (PPB) bagi pengawalan infestasi ulat ratus Fall armyworm (FAW)(Spodoptera frugiperda) di lapangan bermula dari pelbagai kajian di makmal khususnya bioassai bagi menentukan keberkesanan kawalan kuratif atau agen kawalan biologi. Sehubungan itu, pemeliharaan koloni ulat ratus FAW yang sihat dan subur penting bagi kejituan hasil kajian dan bekalan serangga yang berterusan. Salah satu penunjuk yang sering digunakan dalam menentukan kesihatan koloni serangga adalah berat pupa. Koloni ulat FAW telah dipelihara di makmal menggunakan butir jagung manis sebagai makanan peringkat larva (L1 sehingga L6) dan 10% madu untuk rama-rama dewasa. Walaupun larva dibekalkan dengan makanan yang sama, pupa yang terbentuk mempunyai berat yang pelbagai. Oleh itu, tujuan kajian ini adalah bagi mengenalpasti kesan berat pupa terhadap fekunditi rama-rama dan kemunculan larva generasi seterusnya dalam FAW. Butir jagung menjadi sumber makanan peringkat larva di persekitaran makmal. Pupa dibahagikan kepada tiga kumpulan mengikut berat iaitu K1 (≤ 0.14 g), K2 (0.15 – 0.17 g) dan K3 (≥ 0.18 g). Pupa dibiarkan berkembang mengikut kumpulan. Purata berat pupa, peratus kemunculan rama-rama dewasa, tempoh mula mengawan, bilangan telur selepas 48j mengawan dan larva instar 1 (L1) dan peratus penetasan telur bagi setiap kumpulan telah dibandingkan. Hasil kajian mendapati pupa K3 dan K2 mempunyai peratus kemunculan rama-rama dewasa yang tinggi iaitu 100% dan 97.50±0.50% masing-masing. Tempoh mengawan yang lebih awal 2.3±0.47 haridirekodkan oleh rama-rama FAW dari kumpulan K3. Kumpulan K3 juga didapati menghasilkan bilangan telur selepas 48j selepas mengawan dan larva instar 1 (L1) paling banyak iaitu 274.6±69.10 dan 265.80±68.00 berbanding K2 dan K1. Walau bagaimanapun, peratus penetasan telur paling tinggi dihasilkan dari kumpulan K3 (96.67±1.57%) dan K2 (93.88±5.63%) berbanding K1 (24.29±11.37%). Oleh itu, berat pupa merupakan penunjuk penting dalam memastikan koloni ulat ratus FAW yang sihat dan subur.


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References


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