PENGARUH ASPEK SPIRITUALITI TERHADAP STRATEGI DAYA TINDAK GOLONGAN WANITA DEWASA AWAL (The Effects of Spirituality Aspect towards Coping Strategies among Early Adult Women)

Abstract

Kajian ini adalah bertujuan untuk mengenalpasti faktor yang mempengaruhi strategi daya tindak golongan wanita dewasa awal di Pulau Pinang. Fokus utama faktor pengaruh adalah dari aspek spiritualiti. Seramai 385 orang wanita dewasa awal yang menetap dan bekerja di Pulau Pinang menjadi responden melalui persampelan berkelompok. Sampel kajian adalah dalam kalangan wanita yang berusia di antara 21 hingga 40 tahun. Alat ujian Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES) digunakan untuk mengukur aspek spiritualiti. Manakala strategi daya tindak diukur menggunakan alat ujian Coping Strategies Inventory Short-Form (CSI-SF). Analisis ujian ANOVA, korelasi Pearson dan regresi dijalankan bagi melihat perbezaan, hubungan dan juga pengaruh di antara pembolehubah spiritualiti dan strategi daya tindak. Selain itu, maklumat sosio demografik iaitu umur, agama, tahap pendidikan, status pekerjaan, dan pendapatan juga diambilkira dalam kajian ini. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa hanya agama dan tahap pendidikan mempunyai perbezaan bagi aspek spiritualiti. Bagi strategi daya tindak, hanya faktor agama dan pendapatan mempunyai perbezaan yang signifikan. Hasil kajian juga mendapati pembolehubah spiritualiti mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan dan positif dengan strategi daya tindak penglibatan berfokuskan masalah (PFE) dan daya tindak penglibatan berfokuskan emosi (EFE). Walau bagaimanapun, spiritualiti mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan tetapi negatif dengan strategi daya tindak pengunduran berfokuskan masalah (PFD) dan daya tindak pengunduran berfokuskan emosi (EFD). Ujian regresi pula mengesahkan bahawa terdapat pengaruh aspek spiritualiti terhadap strategi daya tindak golongan wanita dewasa awal di Pulau Pinang. Implikasi kajian menunjukkan bahawa tahap spiritualiti yang tinggi akan membantu wanita dalam mengaplikasikan strategi daya tindak yang terbaik seterusnya membentuk keadaan psikologi yang sejahtera, kehidupan yang lebih positif serta kebahagiaan yang lebih bermakna dalam kehidupan mereka.

____________________

This study aims to identify factors influencing the coping strategies of early adult women in Penang. The main focus of the influencing factor is from the spiritual aspect. A total of 385 women working and living in Penang were involved in this study through cluster sampling. The sample is among young women within the age of 21 to 40 years old. The Daily Spiritual Experience Scale (DSES) was used to measure the spirituality aspect while the coping strategies were measured using Coping Strategies Inventory-Short Form (CSI-SF). Three types of statistical analysis tests which are ANOVA, Pearson correlation and regression were used to identify the difference, relationship and influencing factors between the spirituality variable and coping strategies. Besides, this study also looked into the socio demographic information such as age, religion, level of education, employment status and income status. The results showed that only religion and education level had significant differences for the spiritual aspect. The results also indicated that coping strategies had significant differences with religiosity and income status. This study also found that spirituality had a significant and positive correlation with problem-focused engagement (PFE) and emotion-focused engagement (EFE) coping styles. However, spirituality had a significant but negative correlation with problem-focused disengagement (PFD) and emotion-focused disengagement (EFD). Regression test confirmed that spirituality was an influencing factor towards coping strategies of early adult women in Penang.  Research implication showed that high level of spirituality will help them in applying the best coping strategies which will create a better psychology, more positive life and meaningful happiness in their lives.