Trend Penuaan Penduduk: Satu Sorotan Karya (Trend of Ageing Population: Literature Review)

Abstract

Statistik menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah warga tua berlaku seluruh dunia termasuk di negara maju dan membangun.  Peningkatan jumlah warga tua adalah hasil daripada perkembangan yang positif dalam bidang sosioekonomi seperti peningkatan taraf pendidikan, pekerjaan, tahap penjagaan kesihatan, penurunan kadar kelahiran, penurunan kadar kematian dan peningkatan jangka hayat individu.  Artikel ini akan membincangkan tentang trend penuaan penduduk di dunia, di negara Asia, negara Asia Tenggara dan di Malaysia yang semakin meningkat saban tahun. Perbincangan artikel ini melibatkan data-data statistik sedia ada yang diperoleh daripada Jabatan Perangkaan Malaysia (JPM) dan data yang diperoleh daripada PBB (Pertubuhan Bangsa-bangsa Bersatu).  Kajian mengenai warga tua juga diperoleh daripada jurnal, buku dan majalah yang berkaitan. Diharapkan kajian ini dapat menyumbangkan ilmu yang berkaitan supaya para pengkaji lain dapat membuat sebarang perancangan dan pelan tindakan yang berkaitan dengan warga tua terutama yang berkait dengan kesejahteraan hidup mereka.

Katakunci: warga tua, negara maju, negara membangun, jangka hayat

Trend of Ageing Population: Literature Review

ABSTRACT

Statistics show an increase in the number of elderly people practiced worldwide including in developed and developing countries. The increase in the number of elderly is the result of positive developments in socioeconomic areas such as the improvement in education, employment, healthcare, birth rate decline, decreased mortality rates and an increase in individual life expectancy. This article will discuss the aging trends of the world's population, in Asia, Southeast Asia and in Malaysia growing every year. The discussion of this article involves the existing statistical data obtained from the Department of Statistics Malaysia (JPM) and data obtained from the UN (United Nations). Research on the elderly is also derived from related journals, books and magazines. It is hoped that this study will contribute relevant knowledge so that other researchers can make any planning and action plans related to the elderly especially those related to their well-being.

Keywords: elderly people, developed countries, developing countries, life expectancy