Penggunaan Strategi Pembelajaran Koperatif untuk Meningkatkan Tahap Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi Pelajar (The Use of Cooperative Learning Strategies to Improve Students’ Higher Order Thinking Skills)

Abstract

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenalpasti keberkesanan strategi pembelajaran kooperatif bagi meningkatkan kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi (KBAT) pelajar. Kajian dijalankan menggunakan kaedah eksperimen pengagihan rawak di tiga buah sekolah menengah di daerah Keningau dan melibatkan seramai 62 orang pelajar tingkatan lima yang mengambil subjek Ekonomi. Di setiap sekolah, pelajar dibahagikan kepada dua kumpulan yang terdiri daripada kumpulan kawalan yang diajar menggunakan strategi pembelajaran konvensional dan kumpulan rawatan yang diajar menggunakan strategi pembelajaran kooperatif selama sembilan minggu. Markah kumpulan pelajar kemudian dianalisis menggunakan perisian Statistical Package for Social Science for Windows Version 17.0 (SPSS). Perisian SPSS digunakan untuk mendapatkan min keseluruhan markah kumpulan kawalan dan rawatan dalam ujian pra pasca, nilai ujian-t, signifikan serta min persepsi pelajar mengenai keberkesanan strategi pembelajaran kooperatif. Hasil daripada analisis data yang telah dilakukan terhadap ujian pra-pasca kumpulan rawatan dan kumpulan kawalan mendapati terdapat peningkatan tahap KBAT pelajar dalam kumpulan rawatan berbanding dengan kumpulan kawalan. Kajian yang dijalankan penting untuk mengenalpasti alternatif yang boleh digunakan oleh guru untuk meningkatkan kemahiran pengajaran KBAT mereka sekaligus meningkatkan KBAT pelajar.

Kata kunci: keberkesanan, kemahiran berfikir aras tinggi, pembelajaran konvensional, pembelajaran kooperatif, strategi, subjek Ekonomi

This study was conducted to identify the effectiveness of cooperative learning strategies to improve the students’ higher order thinking skills (HOTS). The study was conducted using a randomized distribution experiment method at three secondary schools in Keningau district and involved 62 form five students who took the subject of Economics. In each school, students are divided into two groups comprising control groups taught using conventional learning strategies and treatment groups taught using nine weeks of cooperative learning strategies. Student group scores were then analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Science for Windows Version 17.0 (SPSS) software. SPSS software was used to obtain the overall mean of control and treatment group score in pre-post test, t-test value, significant and mean of student perceptions about the effectiveness of cooperative learning strategies. Final results shows that there was an increase in the HOTS level in the treatment group with a mean score of 59.26 compared to the control group with a mean of 50.45. This situation shows that the use of co-operative learning strategies in teaching and learning can help improve the students’ understanding. The interaction process through cooperative learning helps to improve the ability of students to analyze, provide new ideas and make connections. This study has important implications for identifying alternatives that teachers can use to enhance the students’ HOTS.

Keywords: Effectiveness; higher order thinking skills; conventional learning; cooperative learning; strategy; Economic subject