TEKNOLOGI PENYEJUKAN DAN PENYAMANAN UDARA UNTUK PENGUDARAAN MASJID DI MALAYSIA: TINJAUAN DALAM KONTEKS PERADABAN ISLAM (Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Technology for Mosque Ventilation in Malaysia: An Observation from Islamic Civilization Context)
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Masjid yang lestari dan mesra pengguna adalah simbol kepada kesederhanaan dan menjadi contoh sebagai model ikutan dalam mengelakkan pembaziran dan kemusnahan alam serta mencerminkan kegemilangan sesuatu tamadun daripada aspek sains dan teknologi. Kajian telah dilakukan di Masjid Negeri Pulau Pinang bagi menilai kesan penggunaan teknologi penyejukan dan penyamanan udara daripada aspek keselesaan terma dalaman dan penggunaan tenaga elektrik. Dua model kajian digunakan iaitu Model Asas (MA) dan Model Pengoptimum (MPO) yang diuji di lapangan sebenar dan turut mengambil kira tahap penerimaan terma rasa responden. Suhu bilik bagi Model MA dilaras pada operasi normal iaitu 22±0.5°C manakala Model MPO diuji pada suhu bilik neutral 26±0.5°C dengan beza kenaikan sebanyak 4K. Hasil keputusan mendapati Model MPO berupaya menjimatkan penggunaan tenaga elektrik sebanyak 25% tanpa mengabaikan tahap keselesaan terma Jemaah. Hal ini dibuktikan melalui soal selidik dan maklum balas oleh 812 orang jemaah yang berada dalam suasana persekitaran kedua-dua model ini. Penemuan membuktikan bahawa dengan mengamalkan pengurusan dan operasi berhemah, penggunaan tenaga elektrik untuk teknologi penyejukan dan penyamanan udara dapat dijimatkan. Ini selaras dengan anjuran al-Quran dan Sunnah untuk masjid lestari dan sebagai contoh ikutan bagi bangunan lain.
ABSTRACT
A sustainable and user friendly mosque is a symbol of moderation in optimizing the use of resources, avoiding wastage and damage to the environment, as well as reflects the glory of civilization in the science and technology aspect. A study has been conducted at Penang State mosque to access the impact of use of cooling and air-conditioning technology on aspects of indoor thermal comfort and electricity consumption. Two research models used namely Basic Model (MA) and Optimizer Model (MPO) were test in field study and also took into account the acceptance level and thermal sense among worshippers. The room temperature of the MA Model was adjusted to normal operating condition at 22±0.5°C while the MPO Model was tested at neutral room temperature of 26±0.5°C with a 4K incremental difference. The results show that the MPO Model is capable of saving 25% of electricity consumption without compromising the comfort level of the congregation. This is evidenced by the research and feedback of 812 worshippers in the environmental of both models that they exposed. The findings show that operational of air-conditioning system in the mosque will significantly reduce the usage of electricity. This is in line with the Quran and Sunnah that calling the mosque to be sustainable and a role-model to the other buildings.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/JH-2020-1201-02
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